Can a 328P Be Recovered If The SPI Fuse Is Set To DISABLE?

12V for High Voltage Parallel Programming.

One resistor provides a current limit, but not a voltage divider.
The voltage across the resistor, depends on the impedance of the connected load to unpowered side.

But it is not allowed to apply 12V to VCC in the first place.
It is regardless of the amount of current.

image

IMO; It's mistake to make this connection to decide that it's okay.
image