Can a 328P Be Recovered If The SPI Fuse Is Set To DISABLE?

I agree! It should be trivial for AVRDUDE to recognize that the fuse programmer (me) is about to step off a cliff. Serves me right for not reading the data sheet as thoroughly as I should have. I guessed that I would have to HV program the chips to recover them--I was just hoping that I was wrong. Thanks for taking the time to reply.