Can I get an Arduino device to work with OCR software
That depends on your definition of "work with" and which OCR software.
and a camera?
Sure. As long as you limit yourself to telling the camera to take a picture.
I think one such product called Tesseract
Google should confirm or deny that in less than a second.
I'd like to know if it can be made to compile with/for Arduino.
Provide a link, to be sure, but I'd suspect no.
what kind of physical camera should I get
For what?
how would I physically hook it up to an Arduino?
I'm partial to duct tape myself.
I'd be interested in the new Due version for this project due to the higher amount of computation required.
Higher than what?