Use direct port access for fastest IO, but that won't help in your case. The microsecond or so that digitalRead takes is probably 1000x - 10000x faster than your robot arm lock.
You can attach only one interrupt to a pin, and you should never print or send messages from an ISR.
Serial.print() needs interrupts to work.
An ISR disables interrupts so that the interrupt can't be interrupted.
Can you set a flag, and use that when the ISR ends to send a message to the tablet and also do the Serial.print()?
I like the Rising and Falling interrupts. I think I did something in a prior project to sync up with a falling or rising edge of a camera clock.