Your arrays look perfect.
Variables take space from SRAM, and the chip has a limited amount of SRAM available. (See the main Arduino reference page for your model's SRAM size.)
An int is bigger than a byte. If your variable always falls within the range of 0 ~ 255, you can use a byte instead, and save the difference in space. Code will likely run a little faster, as well.
I hope this isn't throwing even more advanced ideas on top of your newfound understanding of arrays, but I think this is also a good time to learn about structures of variables.
I have no idea what you're doing with all these buttons or potentiometers, but I'll jot down a few bits and pieces of a program that uses an array of structures to organize similar data.
struct aButton {
byte pin;
byte val;
byte state;
byte check;
};
aButton buttons[11];
void setup() {
...
buttons[3].pin = 8;
buttons[3].val = 0;
...
}
void loop() {
...
for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++)
if (digitalRead(buttons[i].pin) != buttons[i].val)
do_something_with_button(i);
...
}