I've used the blink example and switched out the built in led to pin 9 instead.
Pin 9 goes to a resistor of 220 ohms (according to the label that was connected to it), the resistor is connected to the long pin of the LED, and the short pin of the LED goes to the gnd pin of the board.
I tried with another led to no avail. The normal blink example with the built in LED does work.
You can insert male headers atop the female headers, then insert the micro into the breadboard upside down. Every rookie mistake has a rookie solution.
Youtube has a few PCB repair channels that show how to de-solder headers. One (ugly but easy) solution is to cut the plastic between the header pins and de-solder each pin individually. A clean way is to solder a thick copper wire to the pins then transfer the heat to all pins simultaneously, but the risk of overheating is real.