Chances of short circuits

I am using the MQ-3 sensor from Sparkfun. The idea of the resistors is simply to measure the voltage and contrast it with the regular voltage of 4.8 to 9 Volts (not sure which battery I'm using). By that determine the Blood Alcohol Concentration.
The different values of resistors are to obtain different amounts of voltage and determine the blood alcohol concentration with more precision.
I will change the A1 to GND, thank you.
I will also change it to 220?, 470? and 700?.

The Arduino Nano Board resists how much of current and voltage?
Is there any part that reacts to electricity that opens and closes, as if it was a door?