Cheap, low-power relative distance measurement between two Arduinos

RSSI seems good since

But it isn't. RSSI is not a good measure of distance. Far more things have a greater impact on RSSI than distance.

I just want to end up with a blinking LED with its blinking frequency proportional to strength of the signal coming from the transmitter.

Why? What transmitter?

I'm open for anything that meets the following criteria:

small transmitter
cheap modules
works up to 100 m outdoors
preferably power-efficient

Nothing meets all those criteria.