Conceptual question regarding variables...

Each time loop 'loops' it goes into the 'do' loop.
Each time the 'do' loop cycles the analogue reading is taken

the reading is not re-sampled each time you read from the analogIn0 variable.
It is only re-sampled when you explicitly assign it the value from an analogue read.

Move the read either outside of the 'do' loop or do it in the setup() function