Controlling Three Stepper Motors Independently

Greetings All ...

In the days to come, I will be attempting to configure three stepper motors to work independently to drive a camera slider, controlling the lateral / horizontal movement as well as Tilt and Pan (Pitch and Yaw) motions.

I've been working with gear motors for a little while and have made quality decisions concerning slider frame, materials, etc. But gear motors are limited. And let's face it - stepper motors are sexier.

As a description of how the slider would work, I'll provide a little narrative:

Initially, the horizontal movement would be triggered. The slider would be typically used to capture timelapse events. So more often than not, movement would be very slow. As the horizontal movement progresses, the tilt and pan movements would initiate. The combination of movements would be determined by the subject. So, the sun rising over a flat landscape would be lots of horizontal movement, with only a little pan and tilt movement. Capturing the moon rising over a city while tracking the vertical height of a skyscraper would be less horizontal movement with more tilt and pan movement.

The stepper motors would have to be able to work independently, and their independent actions would have to be completely customizable, as all subjects would require different techniques.

My first question is:

Is this possible?

I ask that after having scanned the forum and determined that yes, it likely is. But it would be nice hearing that in the way of an official response.

Next, what kind of controller would I need? Note that I have Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, and a ELGOO UNO Starter Kit that my wife bought me for Christmas.

Next, what else would I need?

Finally, questions about stepper motors and transmission techniques:

The horizontal, pan and tilt movements won't require a lot of power / torque because everything will be mounted on low-friction linear rails and rail slides. But at some point, I'm going to want to try vertical movement. So I'll need a stepper motor and method of transmission (preferably timing belt) that can lift upwards of 10 to 15 lbs. slowly, steadily and reliably.

In addition to slow movement required for timelapse capture, I will also occasionally want to set the motion to be faster, allowing the slider platform to traverse a six-foot track in a few seconds. So I'd want flexibility where speed is concerned.

Note that I have also looked into drive chains and ball screws.

That about sums up the adventure.

Thoughts?

Sincerely ...

Stephen McDowell

I run 3 steppers in a CNC milling machine using either one 3 channel driver board, or 3 more powerful drivers, controlled by an UNO.

Hi,
Welcome to the forum.

Please read http://forum.arduino.cc/index.php/topic,148850.0.html.

Have you googled 3 ch camera slider arduino

There are some YouTube and other DIY projects.

Thanks.. Tom... :slight_smile:

zzsgm202:
So I'll need a stepper motor and method of transmission (preferably timing belt) that can lift upwards of 10 to 15 lbs. slowly, steadily and reliably.

A lead-screw would have the advantage of greatly increasing the force available and also of reducing the back-force on the motor when the load is stationary. In either case you need to work out the torque required in order to identify a suitable motor. Note that "holding torque" is always substantially more than running torque. The better manufacturers publish graphs of torque vs speed.

These links may helps
Stepper Motor Basics
Simple Stepper Code

Note that the approach to the software will need to be different if you want the 3 motors to move in a coordinated way - meaning that all 3 start and stop at the same time even though they move different numbers of steps. Different but only a little more complex.

...R

For a project like this (slow movement, high accuracy) I'd be looking into gearing down the stepper motors. A lead screw ca be part of that gear ratio, those things are commonly used to turn the rotation of the stepper into a linear motion. Gearing down also makes steps smaller, and less vibration for the camera.

first off WELCOME to the forum !

Often the way this is done, is by trial and error.

you can get a simple and cheap, geared stepper with a driver for low cost
https://www.ebay.com/itm/253257902593

it might cost more to get a shaft connector from your device to the stepper.

also, these use 4 wires. if you are just starting out, the analog pins can be used as digital pins on an UNO.

steppers are sexier, but eat a lot of power. not often the first choice for battery use.
also, there is a LOT of mis-information about steppers so some stuff will seem authoritarian, better to watch what others have done on you-tube videos. nothing like someone who does a thing to be your guide.

one way to get an idea of the power you need to move or spin a thing. put on a pulley, wind some string around it and tie that to a cup. fill the cup with water until the weight spins your pulley. you can measure the diameter of the pully and do some simple calculations on torque.

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