I think the MAX31855 will read the temperature OK if you connect the grounded side to the T- input (pin 2), because this input is connected to ground inside the chip during temperature detection. However, the fault detection circuitry will indicate a short to ground. I don't think this will affect the ability of the device to produce a temperature reading. So if you have a MAX31855, I suggest you try it out.
Alternatively, use an instrumentation amplifier such as INA122 to amplify the thermocouple signal.