Detailed explanation of a code

Using Arduino Programming Questions
1

Good afternoon, guys. I wanted to know how to explain every detail of this code that will be used in a Arduino NANO to create a clock of LEDs but I do not understand, so I come here to ask someone to clarify all the code, please.

int LED1 = 2;
int LED2 = 3;
int LED3 = 4;
int LED4 = 5;
int LED5 = 6;
int LED6 = 7;
int LED7 = 8;
int LED8 = 9;
int LED9 = 10;
int LED10 = 11;
int LED11 = 12;
int LED12 = A1;
int LED13 = A2;
int LED14 = A3;
int LED15 = A4;
int LED16 = A5;

int sensorPin = A0;

unsigned int n,ADCvalue,propeller_posn;
unsigned long previousTime = 0;

byte hours = 12;    // set hours
byte minutes = 15;  // set minutes
byte seconds = 00;  // set seconds

int val;

void setup() 
{
  pinMode(LED1,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED2,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED3,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED4,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED5,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED6,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED7,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED8,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED9,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED10,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED11,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED12,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED13,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED14,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED15,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(LED16,OUTPUT);  
  
  pinMode(sensorPin,INPUT_PULLUP);   
  
  if(hours == 12)
  hours = 0;
}

void loop() 
{
    val = digitalRead(sensorPin);
    
    while (val == LOW)
  {
    val = digitalRead(sensorPin);
  }

      
  if (millis() >= (previousTime)) 
  {
     previousTime = previousTime + 1000;
     seconds = seconds+1;
     if (seconds == 60)
     {
        seconds = 0;
        minutes = minutes+1;
     }
     if (minutes == 60)
     {
        minutes = 0;
        hours = hours+1;
     }
     if (hours == 12)
     {
        hours = 0;
     }   
  }  
  
  propeller_posn=30;
  n=0;
  
  while(n < 60)
  {
      
  drawMinuteMarker();

  if ((propeller_posn==0) || (propeller_posn==5) || (propeller_posn==10) || (propeller_posn==15) || (propeller_posn==20) || (propeller_posn==25) || (propeller_posn==30) || (propeller_posn==35) || (propeller_posn==40) || (propeller_posn==45) || (propeller_posn==50) || (propeller_posn==55))
  drawHourMarker();
  
  if ((propeller_posn==0) || (propeller_posn==15) || (propeller_posn==30) || (propeller_posn==45))
  drawQuarterMarker(); 
  
  if((propeller_posn == hours*5) || (( propeller_posn == 0 ) && (hours == 0)))
  drawHoursHand();
  
  if(propeller_posn == minutes)
  drawMinutesHand();   
  
  if(propeller_posn == seconds)
  drawSecondsHand();
  
  delayMicroseconds(140);     
  
  displayClear(); 

  drawInner_Circle();
 
  delayMicroseconds(600);   
  
  n++;
  propeller_posn++;
  if(propeller_posn == 60)
  propeller_posn=0;
  }
  
    val = digitalRead(sensorPin);  
    
    while (val == HIGH)
    {
    val = digitalRead(sensorPin); 
    }     
}

//=========================

void displayClear()
  {
  digitalWrite(LED1,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED2,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED3,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED4,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED5,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED6,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED7,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED8,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED9,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED10,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED11,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED12,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED13,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED14,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED15,LOW);
  digitalWrite(LED16,LOW);  
  }

  void drawMinuteMarker()
  {
  digitalWrite(LED16,HIGH);
  }

  void drawHourMarker()
  {
  digitalWrite(LED15,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED14,HIGH); 
  }

  void drawQuarterMarker()
  {
  digitalWrite(LED13,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED12,HIGH); 
  }

  void drawHoursHand()
  {
  digitalWrite(LED1,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED2,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED3,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED4,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED5,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED6,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED7,HIGH);
  }

  void drawMinutesHand()
  { 
  digitalWrite(LED1,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED2,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED3,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED4,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED5,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED6,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED7,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED8,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED9,HIGH);
  }

  void drawSecondsHand()
  { 
  digitalWrite(LED1,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED2,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED3,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED4,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED5,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED6,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED7,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED8,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED9,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED10,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED11,HIGH);  
  }  

  void drawInner_Circle()
  {
  digitalWrite(LED1,HIGH);  
  delayMicroseconds(30);
  digitalWrite(LED1,LOW);
  }
2

Just tell us what part of the code you are having trouble understanding.

Don’t say everything.

3

Looks like a POV clock.

4

I think that he already did.

5

Why do you need to know and who do you have to explain the code to ?

6

The comments for the spaghetti code are given good, but could be more in detail. To find out how the sketch works take a "software sled" and take a journey through the sketch and add addional picturative remarks.
That schould works.

7

Kids, huh? They write the darnedest things!

8

Sorry but if you really don't understand what "int LED1 = 2;" means then I'm probably not going to live long enough to explain the whole thing to you character by character. Good luck.

Steve

1 Like
9

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