digitalRead returns special characters

Projects Programming
1 
#include <Keyboard.h>

#define caps A4
#define Q A3
#define W A2
#define E A1
#define C 6

#define seven 13
#define eight 12
#define nine 11
#define rightArrow 7
#define plus 10

#define enter 9
#define tab 8
#define Up_arrow A5
#define Down_arrow A6

bool flag = true;

void setup() {
   // put your setup code here, to run once:
  // PINMODE OUTPUT
  Keyboard.begin();

  delay(1000);

  pinMode(caps, INPUT);
  pinMode(Q, INPUT);
  pinMode(W, INPUT);
  pinMode(E, INPUT);
  pinMode(C, INPUT);

  pinMode(seven, INPUT);
  pinMode(eight, INPUT);
  pinMode(nine, INPUT);
  pinMode(rightArrow, INPUT);
  pinMode(plus, INPUT);

  pinMode(enter, INPUT);
  pinMode(tab, INPUT);

  pinMode(Up_arrow, INPUT);
  pinMode(Down_arrow, INPUT);

  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  //LEFT KEYS

  Serial.write(digitalRead(W));
}

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This is the code and serial monitor results.

I'm trying to create a device that replaces keyboard input, but the desired value is not displayed.

I would appreciate it if you could tell me how to solve it.

2

Welcome to the forum

Do you know the difference between what Serial.write() does and what Serial.print() does

Try both in your sketch

3

digitalRead() returns 0 or 1, both are no display characters '0' or '1'.
Use Serial.print() instead.

From which device or port do you want to read and where to write characters?

4

I want DigitalRead to return 0 or 1. However, this code returns unknown special characters.

5

It is returning 0 or 1 but they are unprintable, hence the odd output

If you want to see the 0 or 1 as characters then use Serial.print() instead of Serial.write() as previously suggested

1 Like
6

You could also add a 0x30 Hex or a ASCII '0' to the result and you will get a 0 or 1.

7

dont know if this is relevant
but you may want to use

pinMode(C, INPUT_PULLUP);

because floating input can switch with noise for no reason

8

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