A Arduino Uno can charge and discharge the gate with 40mA.
Now the discharge of the gate is with a 10k resistor ? That is super slow.
Which Arduino board do you use ?
Mosfet drivers exist for a reason. You can try to find a schematic of induction cooker. Those use high frequencies and the mosfets probably don't have a capacitance of almost 1nF.
Did you know that there is a trick to make a Arduino Uno charge and discharge a mosfet gate with 400mA ? That will break the Uno, but 200mA is possible. It is done by changing the output pins of a whole port at once and connecting all those pins together.