Does MPU6050 or 9250 could detect angle shock outside a car ?

The ceiling may not be the right mounting place, and tape not the right material. As an extreme example, imagine a rod antenna with the sensor mounted to its top. The rod can swing in any direction, not necessarily related to the shock direction, and it can produce its own resonance vibrations. Even if the car ceiling is more massive, it behaves a bit like the rod.

Try screws for fixing the sensor, and a place on the floor.