An Arduino can't provide the current needed by a motor but it can provide the PWM signal needed to control a motor through a MOSFET (if you only need rotation in one direction) or though a h-bridge. For your low-voltage motors the Pololu DRV8833 h-bridge would be suitable.
An Arduino Uno can only drive 6 separate PWM signals. If you need more then an Arduino Mega would be more suitable.
I have read elsewhere that coreless motors don't like PWM signals, or may need them to be at a high frequency. You should check with the manufacturer. The standard Arduino PWM frequency is 490Hz but it can be changed.
...R