Is it possible to emulate a Commodore VIC-20 or 64 on an Arduino Uno R4 WIFI in color that's fully working?
No. Not enough memory and not fast enough to generate the video.
The VIC-20 has been partially emulated, with NTSC video generation, on an Arduino Nano v3 (ATmega328), so of course it could be done on the Uno R4, which is much faster and has much more memory.
Note: no keyboard
Once booted it has 1535 bytes free for basic code.
As there is no keyboard scanner implemented yet characters from keyboard must to be poked into the keyboard buffer.
Mystery to me is WHY? How much time would you spend using it?
You can get a 65816 SBC for pretty cheap and there's loads of resources for those. It's a super-set of the 6502 that you can take places worth your time.
I have a lot of respect for the 6502 back in the day, the way they handled memory and what they did with so little. The path from there is active today, IMO it's better to ride that and take it farther.
No, certainly not. I remember those mystery PEEKs and POKEs that address the hardware for reasonably fast games and other programs. Without these none of the famous programs of those times will run.
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Don't forget look up tables and main loop (non-blocking) programming!
Back in the day, one big speed obstacle was interpreter Basic.
Now we have free compilers to poke and peek in optimized ways!
Are you looking only for a presentation?
with every address handled in its own function.
When I learned Forth, addressing became more clear to me than my beginner ASM showed.. emphasis on beginner.
I think you know all this very well. Have you had recent trouble?