ESP32 core v3 ledcsetup

International Italiano Software
1

Ciao a tutti,
sto provando a fare questo progetto : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wTqfHt1Rf3M
per capire meglio come devo gestire e configurare il display touch.
il codice funziona e funziona egreggiamente anche il display e il touch, l'unica cosa è la funzione led.
io ho ESP32-Wroom-32D preso a pochi euri su aliexpress e penso che monti il core >3.0 perchè con il codice che c'è in questa guida non funziona.ùho letto che c'è da convertirlo a lla versione nuova, ma ho fatto delle prove ma proprio non va, sbaglio sicuramente qualcosa ma ovviamente non capisco cosa.

questo è il codice. potete darmi qualche indizio per andare avanti?
grazie mille

//>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 03_Main_Project

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// In this project, the LED will be controlled by buttons, switches and sliders with touchscreen input.  //
// To control the LED, the PWM feature on the ESP32 is used.                                             //
// The program code or command to use PWM in this project uses                                           //
// "Arduino core for the ESP32 or ESP32 board add-on Version 2.0.16".                                    //
// The program code will "Error" in the "PWM code" section if you use                                    //
// "Arduino core for the ESP32" Version 3.0 or later,                                                    //
// because there are some differences in the program code for                                            //
// PWM between Arduino core for the ESP32 Version 2.x and version 3.o or later.                          //
//                                                                                                       //
// If you still want to use "Arduino core for the ESP32 Version 3.0",                                    //
// then you must change the program code in the PWM section to be compatible with                        //
// "Arduino core for the ESP32" Version 3.0 or later.                                                    //
// Program code guide to use PWM if using "Arduino core for the ESP32" Version 3.0 or later, see here:   //
// - https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp32-pwm-arduino-ide/                                              //
// - https://docs.espressif.com/projects/arduino-esp32/en/latest/migration_guides/2.x_to_3.0.html#ledc   //
//                                                                                                       //
// If you only want to try buttons, switches and sliders without LEDs,                                   //
// you can delete or comment out the lines of code in the LED control section.                           //
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//---------------------------------------- Including Libraries.
#include <lvgl.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h>
#include <XPT2046_Touchscreen.h>
//---------------------------------------- 

// Defines the T_CS Touchscreen PIN.
#define T_CS_PIN  13 //--> T_CS

// Defines the PIN for the LED.
// DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
#define LED_PIN   27

// Defines the width and height of the screen.
#define SCREEN_WIDTH  240
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 320

// Variables for x, y and z values ​​on the touchscreen.
int x, y, z;

#define DRAW_BUF_SIZE (SCREEN_WIDTH * SCREEN_HEIGHT / 10 * (LV_COLOR_DEPTH / 8))
uint32_t draw_buf[DRAW_BUF_SIZE / 4];

//---------------------------------------- Global variables for objects or widgets.
static lv_obj_t * btn_Count, * btn_Count_Label;
int btn_Count_Val = 0;

static lv_obj_t * btn_Toggle, * btn_Toggle_Label;

static lv_obj_t * slider_label;
//---------------------------------------- 

// Variables for PWM settings.
// In this project, PWM is used to control the LED.
// DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
const int PWM_CHANNEL = 0;    // ESP32 has 16 channels which can generate 16 independent waveforms.
const int PWM_FREQ = 5000;    // Frequency in Hz. Official ESP32 example uses 5,000Hz.
const int PWM_RESOLUTION = 8; // 8 bits PWM resolution(0-255). But ESP32 can go up to 16 bits.

// Declaring the "XPT2046_Touchscreen" object as "touchscreen" and its settings.
XPT2046_Touchscreen touchscreen(T_CS_PIN);



//________________________________________________________________________________ log_print()
// If logging is enabled, it will inform the user about what is happening in the library.
void log_print(lv_log_level_t level, const char * buf) {
  LV_UNUSED(level);
  Serial.println(buf);
  Serial.flush();
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ touchscreen_read()
// Get the Touchscreen data.
void touchscreen_read(lv_indev_t * indev, lv_indev_data_t * data) {
  // Checks if Touchscreen was touched, and prints X, Y and Pressure (Z)
  if(touchscreen.touched()) {
    // Get Touchscreen points
    TS_Point p = touchscreen.getPoint();
    
    // Calibrate Touchscreen points with map function to the correct width and height.
    x = map(p.x, 3850, 305, 1, SCREEN_WIDTH);
    y = map(p.y, 3790, 229, 1, SCREEN_HEIGHT);
    z = p.z;

    data->state = LV_INDEV_STATE_PRESSED;

    // Set the coordinates.
    data->point.x = x;
    data->point.y = y;

    // Print Touchscreen info about X, Y and Pressure (Z) on the Serial Monitor.
    /*Serial.print("X = ");
    Serial.print(x);
    Serial.print(" | Y = ");
    Serial.print(y);
    Serial.print(" | Pressure = ");
    Serial.print(z);
    Serial.println();*/
  }
  else {
    data->state = LV_INDEV_STATE_RELEASED;
  }
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ event_handler_btn_Count()
// Callback that is triggered when "btn_Count" is clicked.
static void event_handler_btn_Count(lv_event_t * e) {
  lv_event_code_t code = lv_event_get_code(e);
  
  if(code == LV_EVENT_CLICKED) {
    btn_Count_Val++;

    lv_obj_t * new_btn_Count_Label = lv_obj_get_child(btn_Count, 0);
    lv_label_set_text_fmt(new_btn_Count_Label, "Btn Count : %d", btn_Count_Val);
    
    LV_LOG_USER("Button Count clicked, Count : %d.\n", (int)btn_Count_Val);
  }
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ event_handler_btn_Toggle()
// Callback that is triggered when "btn_Toggle" is clicked/toggled.
static void event_handler_btn_Toggle(lv_event_t * e) {
  lv_event_code_t code = lv_event_get_code(e);
  lv_obj_t * obj = (lv_obj_t*) lv_event_get_target(e);
  if(code == LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGED) {
    LV_UNUSED(obj);

    bool checked = lv_obj_has_state(obj, LV_STATE_CHECKED);

    static lv_style_t style_New_Bg_Color;
    lv_style_init(&style_New_Bg_Color);

    lv_obj_t * new_btn_Toggle_Label = lv_obj_get_child(btn_Toggle, 0);
    
    if (checked == true) {
      lv_style_set_bg_color(&style_New_Bg_Color, lv_color_make(255, 0, 0));
      lv_label_set_text_fmt(new_btn_Toggle_Label, "Toggled : Off");
      
      // Turn on the LED.
      // DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
      ledcWrite(PWM_CHANNEL, 255);
    } else {
      lv_style_set_bg_color(&style_New_Bg_Color, lv_color_make(0, 128, 0));
      lv_label_set_text_fmt(new_btn_Toggle_Label, "Toggled : On");
      
      // Turn off the LED.
      // DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
      ledcWrite(PWM_CHANNEL, 0);
    }
    
    lv_obj_add_style(btn_Toggle, &style_New_Bg_Color, 0);
    
    LV_LOG_USER("Toggled : %s.\n", lv_obj_has_state(obj, LV_STATE_CHECKED) ? "On" : "Off");
  }
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ event_handler_Switch()
// Callback that is triggered when "Switch" is clicked/toggled.
static void event_handler_Switch(lv_event_t * e) {
  lv_event_code_t code = lv_event_get_code(e);
  lv_obj_t * obj = (lv_obj_t*) lv_event_get_target(e);
  if(code == LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGED) {
    LV_UNUSED(obj);

    bool checked = lv_obj_has_state(obj, LV_STATE_CHECKED);

    if (checked == true) {
      // Turn on the LED.
      // DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
      ledcWrite(PWM_CHANNEL, 255);
    } else {
      // Turn on the LED.
      // DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
      ledcWrite(PWM_CHANNEL, 0);
    }
    
    LV_LOG_USER("State: %s.\n", lv_obj_has_state(obj, LV_STATE_CHECKED) ? "On" : "Off");
  }
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ slider_event_callback()
// Callback that prints the current slider value on the TFT display and Serial Monitor for debugging purposes.
static void slider_event_callback(lv_event_t * e) {
  lv_obj_t * slider = (lv_obj_t*) lv_event_get_target(e);
  char buf[8];
  lv_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d%%", (int)lv_slider_get_value(slider));
  lv_label_set_text(slider_label, buf);
  lv_obj_align_to(slider_label, slider, LV_ALIGN_OUT_BOTTOM_MID, 0, 10);
  LV_LOG_USER("Slider changed to %d%%.\n", (int)lv_slider_get_value(slider));
  
  // Control LED brightness with Slider.
  // DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
  int PWM_Val = map((int)lv_slider_get_value(slider), 0, 100, 0, 255);
  ledcWrite(PWM_CHANNEL, PWM_Val);
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ lv_create_main_gui()
void lv_create_main_gui(void) {
  //---------------------------------------- Set the screen background color.
  // Without this line of code, the default screen background color is white.
  lv_obj_set_style_bg_color(lv_scr_act(), LV_COLOR_MAKE(255,255,255), LV_PART_MAIN);
  //---------------------------------------- 

  //---------------------------------------- Create text with a "span" aligned center on top ("ESP32 + TFT LCD Touchscreen ILI9341 + LVGL").
  lv_obj_t * spans = lv_spangroup_create(lv_screen_active());
  lv_obj_set_style_text_align(spans, LV_TEXT_ALIGN_CENTER, 0);
  lv_obj_set_width(spans, 300);
  lv_spangroup_set_mode(spans, LV_SPAN_MODE_BREAK);
  lv_obj_align(spans, LV_ALIGN_TOP_MID, 0, 20); //--> lv_obj_align(object, Alignment Type, x, y);
                                                //--> For more details about alignment, see here : https://docs.lvgl.io/master/widgets/obj.html#alignment
                                                //--> List of alignments, see here : https://docs.lvgl.io/8.3/overview/coords.html#align

  lv_span_t * span;
  span = lv_spangroup_new_span(spans);
  lv_span_set_text(span, "ESP32 + TFT LCD Touchscreen ILI9341 + LVGL");
  lv_style_set_text_color(&span->style,  LV_COLOR_MAKE(165, 42, 42));
  //---------------------------------------- 

  //---------------------------------------- Create a Button (btn_Count).
  btn_Count = lv_button_create(lv_screen_active());
  lv_obj_add_event_cb(btn_Count, event_handler_btn_Count, LV_EVENT_ALL, NULL);
  lv_obj_align(btn_Count, LV_ALIGN_TOP_LEFT, 20, 85);
  lv_obj_remove_flag(btn_Count, LV_OBJ_FLAG_PRESS_LOCK);

  // Set button color.
  static lv_style_t btn_Count_Bg_Color;
  lv_style_init(&btn_Count_Bg_Color);
  lv_style_set_bg_color(&btn_Count_Bg_Color, lv_color_make(160, 32, 240));
  lv_obj_add_style(btn_Count, &btn_Count_Bg_Color, 0);

  btn_Count_Label = lv_label_create(btn_Count);
  lv_label_set_text(btn_Count_Label, "Btn Count : 0");
  lv_obj_center(btn_Count_Label);

  // For more customized buttons, see here : 
  // - https://docs.lvgl.io/master/examples.html#create-styles-from-scratch-for-buttons
  // - https://docs.lvgl.io/master/widgets/button.html
  //---------------------------------------- 

  //---------------------------------------- Create a Toggle button (btn_Toggle).
  btn_Toggle = lv_button_create(lv_screen_active());
  lv_obj_add_event_cb(btn_Toggle, event_handler_btn_Toggle, LV_EVENT_ALL, NULL);
  lv_obj_align(btn_Toggle, LV_ALIGN_TOP_RIGHT, -20, 85);
  lv_obj_add_flag(btn_Toggle, LV_OBJ_FLAG_CHECKABLE);
  lv_obj_set_height(btn_Toggle, LV_SIZE_CONTENT);

  // Set button color.
  static lv_style_t btn_Toggle_Bg_Color;
  lv_style_init(&btn_Toggle_Bg_Color);
  lv_style_set_bg_color(&btn_Toggle_Bg_Color, lv_color_make(0, 128, 0));
  lv_obj_add_style(btn_Toggle, &btn_Toggle_Bg_Color, 0);

  btn_Toggle_Label = lv_label_create(btn_Toggle);
  lv_label_set_text(btn_Toggle_Label, "Toggled : On");
  lv_obj_center(btn_Toggle_Label);
  //---------------------------------------- 

  //---------------------------------------- Create a Switch button (my_Switch).
  lv_obj_t * my_Switch;
  my_Switch = lv_switch_create(lv_screen_active());
  lv_obj_add_event_cb(my_Switch, event_handler_Switch, LV_EVENT_ALL, NULL);
  lv_obj_align(my_Switch, LV_ALIGN_TOP_MID, 0, 135);
  lv_obj_set_style_bg_color(my_Switch, lv_color_make(204, 204, 204), 0);  //--> Set the switch indicator color when "off".
  lv_obj_set_style_bg_color(my_Switch, lv_color_make(0,128,128), LV_PART_INDICATOR | LV_STATE_CHECKED); //--> Set the switch indicator color when "on".
  lv_obj_clear_state(my_Switch, LV_STATE_CHECKED);
  //---------------------------------------- 
  
  //---------------------------------------- Create a slider aligned in the center bottom of the TFT display.
  lv_obj_t * slider = lv_slider_create(lv_screen_active());
  lv_obj_align(slider, LV_ALIGN_TOP_MID, 0, 185);
  lv_obj_add_event_cb(slider, slider_event_callback, LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGED, NULL);
  lv_slider_set_range(slider, 0, 100);
  lv_obj_set_style_anim_duration(slider, 2000, 0);

  // Create a label below the slider to display the current slider value.
  slider_label = lv_label_create(lv_screen_active());
  lv_label_set_text(slider_label, "0%");
  lv_obj_align_to(slider_label, slider, LV_ALIGN_TOP_MID, 0, 20);
  //---------------------------------------- 
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ VOID SETUP()
void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.println();
  delay(3000);

  //---------------------------------------- PWM settings.
  // Delete or comment out the lines of code in this section if you don't want to use LEDs.
  
  // ledcSetup(uint8_t channel, double freq, uint8_t resolution_bits);
  ledcSetup(PWM_CHANNEL, PWM_FREQ, PWM_RESOLUTION);

  // ledcAttachPin(uint8_t pin, uint8_t channel);
  ledcAttachPin(LED_PIN, PWM_CHANNEL);
  delay(500);
  //---------------------------------------- 
  
  Serial.println("ESP32 + TFT LCD Touchscreen ILI9341 320x240 + LVGL");
  Serial.println();
  
  String LVGL_Arduino = String("LVGL Library Version: ") + lv_version_major() + "." + lv_version_minor() + "." + lv_version_patch();
  Serial.println(LVGL_Arduino);

  // Start LVGL.
  lv_init();
  
  // Register print function for debugging.
  lv_log_register_print_cb(log_print);

  // Start the SPI for the touchscreen and init the touchscreen.
  touchscreen.begin();

  // Set the Touchscreen rotation in landscape mode.
  // Note: in some displays, the touchscreen might be upside down, so you might need to set the rotation to 2. "touchscreen.setRotation(2);"
  touchscreen.setRotation(0);

  // Create a display object.
  lv_display_t * disp;
  
  // Initialize the TFT display using the TFT_eSPI library.
  disp = lv_tft_espi_create(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, draw_buf, sizeof(draw_buf));
  lv_display_set_rotation(disp, LV_DISPLAY_ROTATION_90);
    
  // Initialize an LVGL input device object (Touchscreen).
  lv_indev_t * indev = lv_indev_create();
  lv_indev_set_type(indev, LV_INDEV_TYPE_POINTER);
  
  // Set the callback function to read Touchscreen input.
  lv_indev_set_read_cb(indev, touchscreen_read);

  // Function to draw the GUI (text, buttons and sliders).
  lv_create_main_gui();
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ VOID LOOP()
void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

  lv_task_handler();  // let the GUI do its work.
  lv_tick_inc(5);     // tell LVGL how much time has passed.
  delay(5);           // let this time pass.
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 
//<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
2

ho fatto alcune prove ho aggiunto e modificato cosi, non mi da errore ma il led non si accende:

//>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 03_Main_Project

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// In this project, the LED will be controlled by buttons, switches and sliders with touchscreen input.  //
// To control the LED, the PWM feature on the ESP32 is used.                                             //
// The program code or command to use PWM in this project uses                                           //
// "Arduino core for the ESP32 or ESP32 board add-on Version 2.0.16".                                    //
// The program code will "Error" in the "PWM code" section if you use                                    //
// "Arduino core for the ESP32" Version 3.0 or later,                                                    //
// because there are some differences in the program code for                                            //
// PWM between Arduino core for the ESP32 Version 2.x and version 3.o or later.                          //
//                                                                                                       //
// If you still want to use "Arduino core for the ESP32 Version 3.0",                                    //
// then you must change the program code in the PWM section to be compatible with                        //
// "Arduino core for the ESP32" Version 3.0 or later.                                                    //
// Program code guide to use PWM if using "Arduino core for the ESP32" Version 3.0 or later, see here:   //
// - https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp32-pwm-arduino-ide/                                              //
// - https://docs.espressif.com/projects/arduino-esp32/en/latest/migration_guides/2.x_to_3.0.html#ledc   //
//                                                                                                       //
// If you only want to try buttons, switches and sliders without LEDs,                                   //
// you can delete or comment out the lines of code in the LED control section.                           //
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//---------------------------------------- Including Libraries.
#include <lvgl.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h>
#include <XPT2046_Touchscreen.h>
//---------------------------------------- 

// Defines the T_CS Touchscreen PIN.
#define T_CS_PIN  13 //--> T_CS

// Defines the PIN for the LED.
// DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
//#define LED_PIN   27

// Defines the width and height of the screen.
#define SCREEN_WIDTH  240
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 320

// Variables for x, y and z values ​​on the touchscreen.
int x, y, z;

#define DRAW_BUF_SIZE (SCREEN_WIDTH * SCREEN_HEIGHT / 10 * (LV_COLOR_DEPTH / 8))
uint32_t draw_buf[DRAW_BUF_SIZE / 4];

//---------------------------------------- Global variables for objects or widgets.
static lv_obj_t * btn_Count, * btn_Count_Label;
int btn_Count_Val = 0;

static lv_obj_t * btn_Toggle, * btn_Toggle_Label;

static lv_obj_t * slider_label;
//---------------------------------------- 

// Variables for PWM settings.
// In this project, PWM is used to control the LED.
// DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
const int PWM_CHANNEL = 0;    // ESP32 has 16 channels which can generate 16 independent waveforms.
const int PWM_FREQ = 5000;    // Frequency in Hz. Official ESP32 example uses 5,000Hz.
const int PWM_RESOLUTION = 8; // 8 bits PWM resolution(0-255). But ESP32 can go up to 16 bits.
const int LED_PIN = 27;

// Declaring the "XPT2046_Touchscreen" object as "touchscreen" and its settings.
XPT2046_Touchscreen touchscreen(T_CS_PIN);



//________________________________________________________________________________ log_print()
// If logging is enabled, it will inform the user about what is happening in the library.
void log_print(lv_log_level_t level, const char * buf) {
  LV_UNUSED(level);
  Serial.println(buf);
  Serial.flush();
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ touchscreen_read()
// Get the Touchscreen data.
void touchscreen_read(lv_indev_t * indev, lv_indev_data_t * data) {
  // Checks if Touchscreen was touched, and prints X, Y and Pressure (Z)
  if(touchscreen.touched()) {
    // Get Touchscreen points
    TS_Point p = touchscreen.getPoint();
    
    // Calibrate Touchscreen points with map function to the correct width and height.
    x = map(p.x, 3850, 305, 1, SCREEN_WIDTH);
    y = map(p.y, 3790, 229, 1, SCREEN_HEIGHT);
    z = p.z;

    data->state = LV_INDEV_STATE_PRESSED;

    // Set the coordinates.
    data->point.x = x;
    data->point.y = y;

    // Print Touchscreen info about X, Y and Pressure (Z) on the Serial Monitor.
    /*Serial.print("X = ");
    Serial.print(x);
    Serial.print(" | Y = ");
    Serial.print(y);
    Serial.print(" | Pressure = ");
    Serial.print(z);
    Serial.println();*/
  }
  else {
    data->state = LV_INDEV_STATE_RELEASED;
  }
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ event_handler_btn_Count()
// Callback that is triggered when "btn_Count" is clicked.
static void event_handler_btn_Count(lv_event_t * e) {
  lv_event_code_t code = lv_event_get_code(e);
  
  if(code == LV_EVENT_CLICKED) {
    btn_Count_Val++;

    lv_obj_t * new_btn_Count_Label = lv_obj_get_child(btn_Count, 0);
    lv_label_set_text_fmt(new_btn_Count_Label, "Btn Count : %d", btn_Count_Val);
    
    LV_LOG_USER("Button Count clicked, Count : %d.\n", (int)btn_Count_Val);
  }
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ event_handler_btn_Toggle()
// Callback that is triggered when "btn_Toggle" is clicked/toggled.
static void event_handler_btn_Toggle(lv_event_t * e) {
  lv_event_code_t code = lv_event_get_code(e);
  lv_obj_t * obj = (lv_obj_t*) lv_event_get_target(e);
  if(code == LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGED) {
    LV_UNUSED(obj);

    bool checked = lv_obj_has_state(obj, LV_STATE_CHECKED);

    static lv_style_t style_New_Bg_Color;
    lv_style_init(&style_New_Bg_Color);

    lv_obj_t * new_btn_Toggle_Label = lv_obj_get_child(btn_Toggle, 0);
    
    if (checked == true) {
      lv_style_set_bg_color(&style_New_Bg_Color, lv_color_make(255, 0, 0));
      lv_label_set_text_fmt(new_btn_Toggle_Label, "Toggled : Off");
      
      // Turn on the LED.
      // DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
      ledcWrite(PWM_CHANNEL, 255);
    } else {
      lv_style_set_bg_color(&style_New_Bg_Color, lv_color_make(0, 128, 0));
      lv_label_set_text_fmt(new_btn_Toggle_Label, "Toggled : On");
      
      // Turn off the LED.
      // DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
      ledcWrite(PWM_CHANNEL, 0);
    }
    
    lv_obj_add_style(btn_Toggle, &style_New_Bg_Color, 0);
    
    LV_LOG_USER("Toggled : %s.\n", lv_obj_has_state(obj, LV_STATE_CHECKED) ? "On" : "Off");
  }
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ event_handler_Switch()
// Callback that is triggered when "Switch" is clicked/toggled.
static void event_handler_Switch(lv_event_t * e) {
  lv_event_code_t code = lv_event_get_code(e);
  lv_obj_t * obj = (lv_obj_t*) lv_event_get_target(e);
  if(code == LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGED) {
    LV_UNUSED(obj);

    bool checked = lv_obj_has_state(obj, LV_STATE_CHECKED);

    if (checked == true) {
      // Turn on the LED.
      // DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
      ledcWrite(PWM_CHANNEL, 255);
    } else {
      // Turn on the LED.
      // DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
      ledcWrite(PWM_CHANNEL, 0);
    }
    
    LV_LOG_USER("State: %s.\n", lv_obj_has_state(obj, LV_STATE_CHECKED) ? "On" : "Off");
  }
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ slider_event_callback()
// Callback that prints the current slider value on the TFT display and Serial Monitor for debugging purposes.
static void slider_event_callback(lv_event_t * e) {
  lv_obj_t * slider = (lv_obj_t*) lv_event_get_target(e);
  char buf[8];
  lv_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d%%", (int)lv_slider_get_value(slider));
  lv_label_set_text(slider_label, buf);
  lv_obj_align_to(slider_label, slider, LV_ALIGN_OUT_BOTTOM_MID, 0, 10);
  LV_LOG_USER("Slider changed to %d%%.\n", (int)lv_slider_get_value(slider));
  
  // Control LED brightness with Slider.
  // DELETE OR COMMENT OUT THE LINES OF CODE BELOW IF YOU DON'T WANT TO USE LEDS.
  int PWM_Val = map((int)lv_slider_get_value(slider), 0, 100, 0, 255);
  ledcWrite(PWM_CHANNEL, PWM_Val);
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ lv_create_main_gui()
void lv_create_main_gui(void) {
  //---------------------------------------- Set the screen background color.
  // Without this line of code, the default screen background color is white.
  lv_obj_set_style_bg_color(lv_scr_act(), LV_COLOR_MAKE(255,255,255), LV_PART_MAIN);
  //---------------------------------------- 

  //---------------------------------------- Create text with a "span" aligned center on top ("ESP32 + TFT LCD Touchscreen ILI9341 + LVGL").
  lv_obj_t * spans = lv_spangroup_create(lv_screen_active());
  lv_obj_set_style_text_align(spans, LV_TEXT_ALIGN_CENTER, 0);
  lv_obj_set_width(spans, 300);
  lv_spangroup_set_mode(spans, LV_SPAN_MODE_BREAK);
  lv_obj_align(spans, LV_ALIGN_TOP_MID, 0, 20); //--> lv_obj_align(object, Alignment Type, x, y);
                                                //--> For more details about alignment, see here : https://docs.lvgl.io/master/widgets/obj.html#alignment
                                                //--> List of alignments, see here : https://docs.lvgl.io/8.3/overview/coords.html#align

  lv_span_t * span;
  span = lv_spangroup_new_span(spans);
  lv_span_set_text(span, "ESP32 + TFT LCD Touchscreen ILI9341 + LVGL");
  lv_style_set_text_color(&span->style,  LV_COLOR_MAKE(165, 42, 42));
  //---------------------------------------- 

  //---------------------------------------- Create a Button (btn_Count).
  btn_Count = lv_button_create(lv_screen_active());
  lv_obj_add_event_cb(btn_Count, event_handler_btn_Count, LV_EVENT_ALL, NULL);
  lv_obj_align(btn_Count, LV_ALIGN_TOP_LEFT, 20, 85);
  lv_obj_remove_flag(btn_Count, LV_OBJ_FLAG_PRESS_LOCK);

  // Set button color.
  static lv_style_t btn_Count_Bg_Color;
  lv_style_init(&btn_Count_Bg_Color);
  lv_style_set_bg_color(&btn_Count_Bg_Color, lv_color_make(160, 32, 240));
  lv_obj_add_style(btn_Count, &btn_Count_Bg_Color, 0);

  btn_Count_Label = lv_label_create(btn_Count);
  lv_label_set_text(btn_Count_Label, "Btn Count : 0");
  lv_obj_center(btn_Count_Label);

  // For more customized buttons, see here : 
  // - https://docs.lvgl.io/master/examples.html#create-styles-from-scratch-for-buttons
  // - https://docs.lvgl.io/master/widgets/button.html
  //---------------------------------------- 

  //---------------------------------------- Create a Toggle button (btn_Toggle).
  btn_Toggle = lv_button_create(lv_screen_active());
  lv_obj_add_event_cb(btn_Toggle, event_handler_btn_Toggle, LV_EVENT_ALL, NULL);
  lv_obj_align(btn_Toggle, LV_ALIGN_TOP_RIGHT, -20, 85);
  lv_obj_add_flag(btn_Toggle, LV_OBJ_FLAG_CHECKABLE);
  lv_obj_set_height(btn_Toggle, LV_SIZE_CONTENT);

  // Set button color.
  static lv_style_t btn_Toggle_Bg_Color;
  lv_style_init(&btn_Toggle_Bg_Color);
  lv_style_set_bg_color(&btn_Toggle_Bg_Color, lv_color_make(0, 128, 0));
  lv_obj_add_style(btn_Toggle, &btn_Toggle_Bg_Color, 0);

  btn_Toggle_Label = lv_label_create(btn_Toggle);
  lv_label_set_text(btn_Toggle_Label, "Toggled : On");
  lv_obj_center(btn_Toggle_Label);
  //---------------------------------------- 

  //---------------------------------------- Create a Switch button (my_Switch).
  lv_obj_t * my_Switch;
  my_Switch = lv_switch_create(lv_screen_active());
  lv_obj_add_event_cb(my_Switch, event_handler_Switch, LV_EVENT_ALL, NULL);
  lv_obj_align(my_Switch, LV_ALIGN_TOP_MID, 0, 135);
  lv_obj_set_style_bg_color(my_Switch, lv_color_make(204, 204, 204), 0);  //--> Set the switch indicator color when "off".
  lv_obj_set_style_bg_color(my_Switch, lv_color_make(0,128,128), LV_PART_INDICATOR | LV_STATE_CHECKED); //--> Set the switch indicator color when "on".
  lv_obj_clear_state(my_Switch, LV_STATE_CHECKED);
  //---------------------------------------- 
  
  //---------------------------------------- Create a slider aligned in the center bottom of the TFT display.
  lv_obj_t * slider = lv_slider_create(lv_screen_active());
  lv_obj_align(slider, LV_ALIGN_TOP_MID, 0, 185);
  lv_obj_add_event_cb(slider, slider_event_callback, LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGED, NULL);
  lv_slider_set_range(slider, 0, 100);
  lv_obj_set_style_anim_duration(slider, 2000, 0);

  // Create a label below the slider to display the current slider value.
  slider_label = lv_label_create(lv_screen_active());
  lv_label_set_text(slider_label, "0%");
  lv_obj_align_to(slider_label, slider, LV_ALIGN_TOP_MID, 0, 20);
  //---------------------------------------- 
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ VOID SETUP()
void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.println();
  delay(3000);

  //---------------------------------------- PWM settings.
  // Delete or comment out the lines of code in this section if you don't want to use LEDs.
  
  // ledcSetup(uint8_t channel, double freq, uint8_t resolution_bits);
  //ledcSetup(PWM_CHANNEL, PWM_FREQ, PWM_RESOLUTION);

  // ledcAttachPin(uint8_t pin, uint8_t channel);
  ledcAttachChannel(LED_PIN, PWM_FREQ, PWM_RESOLUTION, PWM_CHANNEL);
  delay(500);
  //---------------------------------------- 
  
  Serial.println("ESP32 + TFT LCD Touchscreen ILI9341 320x240 + LVGL");
  Serial.println();
  
  String LVGL_Arduino = String("LVGL Library Version: ") + lv_version_major() + "." + lv_version_minor() + "." + lv_version_patch();
  Serial.println(LVGL_Arduino);

  // Start LVGL.
  lv_init();
  
  // Register print function for debugging.
  lv_log_register_print_cb(log_print);

  // Start the SPI for the touchscreen and init the touchscreen.
  touchscreen.begin();

  // Set the Touchscreen rotation in landscape mode.
  // Note: in some displays, the touchscreen might be upside down, so you might need to set the rotation to 2. "touchscreen.setRotation(2);"
  touchscreen.setRotation(0);

  // Create a display object.
  lv_display_t * disp;
  
  // Initialize the TFT display using the TFT_eSPI library.
  disp = lv_tft_espi_create(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, draw_buf, sizeof(draw_buf));
  lv_display_set_rotation(disp, LV_DISPLAY_ROTATION_90);
    
  // Initialize an LVGL input device object (Touchscreen).
  lv_indev_t * indev = lv_indev_create();
  lv_indev_set_type(indev, LV_INDEV_TYPE_POINTER);
  
  // Set the callback function to read Touchscreen input.
  lv_indev_set_read_cb(indev, touchscreen_read);

  // Function to draw the GUI (text, buttons and sliders).
  lv_create_main_gui();
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 



//________________________________________________________________________________ VOID LOOP()
void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

  lv_task_handler();  // let the GUI do its work.
  lv_tick_inc(5);     // tell LVGL how much time has passed.
  delay(5);           // let this time pass.
}
//________________________________________________________________________________ 
//<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
3

Leggi qui, come hai ben intuito sono cambiate delle cose tra la versione 2 e la 3 del core ESP32, devi adeguare il codice alla nuova sintassi.

Le schede non "montano" nessun core, il core è l'interfaccia usata per la programmazione, la tua scheda la puoi usare sia con il core 2 che con il 3.

Ciao, Ale.

4

Grazie per la risposta, nel secondo codice ho modificato il codice ma nonostante il led non si accende.
Errori non ne vengono dati.

5

Onestamente il tuo codice è abbastanza lungo e articolato, per controllarlo tutto ci vuole molto tempo, e competenza che non credo di avere (non sono un grande esperto di ESP32).
Perchè non provi a riscrivere un codice minimale, che contempli solo il led ed il minimo necessario, senza display e tutto il resto, e magari proviamo a capire cosa c'è che non va.

Ciao, Ale.

6

Al posto delle istruzioni prese dal framework ESP-IDF (il sistema di sviluppo "ufficiale" di Espressif, il produttore del chip) per impostare l'uscita PWM connessa al LED puoi utilizzare tranquillamente le più semplici API in stile "Arduino", ci penserà poi il core (ovvero il set di sorgenti e librerie usate per compilare usando Arduino IDE) a inizializzare correttamente il modulo LEDC integrato nell'ESP32

pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
....
int PWM_Val = map((int)lv_slider_get_value(slider), 0, 100, 0, 255);
analogWrite(LED_PIN, PWM_Val);

Per far accendere un semplice LED va più che bene, se invece hai bisogno per qualche ragione di fare cose più "elaborate" con il modulo in questione, allora dovrai studiare per bene le API introdotte a partire dalla versione 3.x.x del core Arduino (ovvero quelle di ESP-IDF v5.x.x che è alla base del core Arduino)

7

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