ESP32 programming error

Using Arduino Programming Questions
1

Hi folks, I am new to programming in general, and trying to get an SPI display working with an ESP 32 in SPI mode.
I have followed all the steps in this tutorial, installed the adafruit 1306 drivers along with some others that support these drivers. When compiling, I get two errors,

"Arduino: 1.8.16 (Windows 7), Board: "ESP32 Dev Module, Disabled, Default 4MB with spiffs (1.2MB APP/1.5MB SPIFFS), 240MHz (WiFi/BT), QIO, 80MHz, 4MB (32Mb), 921600, None"

C:\Users\olly\Documents\Arduino\libraries\Adafruit_BusIO\Adafruit_I2CDevice.cpp: In member function 'void Adafruit_I2CDevice::end()':

C:\Users\olly\Documents\Arduino\libraries\Adafruit_BusIO\Adafruit_I2CDevice.cpp:44:10: error: 'class TwoWire' has no member named 'end'

_wire->end();"

Can anyone help me determine what I need to do/ haven't done or missed out, please? Is it something to do with the following lines at the top of the code?

Below is the include lines, not sure if I have SPI and Wire in my library? Can't see anything when searching...

Oh and here is the website I took the from:

Thanks!

#include <SPI.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>
2

Could you post the entire code that you are using?

1 Like
3

Here you go. The code can be found on the link above if you are wondering where it is from. I have changed nothing.

Thanks

#include <SPI.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>

#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64

#define OLED_MOSI   23
#define OLED_CLK    18
#define OLED_DC     16
#define OLED_CS     5
#define OLED_RESET  17

Adafruit_SSD1306 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT,
  OLED_MOSI, OLED_CLK, OLED_DC, OLED_RESET, OLED_CS);

const unsigned char electronicshub_logo [] PROGMEM = {
  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 
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};

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(115200);
  if(!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC))
  {
    Serial.println(F("SSD1306 allocation failed"));
    for(;;);
  }
  
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.display();
  delay(1000);

  display.clearDisplay();
  display.drawBitmap(0, 0, electronicshub_logo, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.display();
  delay(1000);
  
  
}
void loop()
{
  AllPixels();
  TextDisplay();
  InvertedTextDisplay();
  ScrollText();
  DisplayChars();
  TextSize();
  DrawRectangle();
  DrawFilledRectangle();
  DrawRoundRectangle();
  DrawFilledRoundRectangle();
  DrawCircle();
  DrawFilledCircle();
  DrawTriangle();
  DrawFilledTriangle();
}

void AllPixels()
{
  int i;
  int j;
  display.clearDisplay();
  for(i=0;i<64;i++)
  {
    for(j=0;j<128;j++)
    {
      display.drawPixel(j, i, SSD1306_WHITE);
      
    }
    display.display();
    delay(30);
  }
  
  for(i=0;i<64;i++)
  {
    for(j=0;j<128;j++)
    {
      display.drawPixel(j, i, SSD1306_BLACK);
      
    }
    display.display();
    delay(30);
  }
  
}

void TextDisplay()
{
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(5,28);
  display.println("Electronics Hub");
  display.display();
  delay(3000);
}

void InvertedTextDisplay()
{
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_BLACK, SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(5,28);
  display.println("Electronics Hub");
  display.display();
  delay(3000);
}

void ScrollText()
{
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setCursor(0,0);
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.println("This is a");
  display.println("Scrolling");
  display.println("Text!");
  display.display();
  delay(100);
  display.startscrollright(0x00, 0x0F);
  delay(2000);
  //display.stopscroll();
  //delay(1000);
  display.startscrollleft(0x00, 0x0F);
  delay(2000);
  //display.stopscroll();
  //delay(1000);
  display.startscrolldiagright(0x00, 0x0F);
  delay(2000);
  display.startscrolldiagleft(0x00, 0x0F);
  delay(2000);
  display.stopscroll();
}

void DisplayChars()
{
  display.clearDisplay();

  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0, 0);
  display.cp437(true);
  
  for(int16_t i=0; i<256; i++)
  {
    if(i == '\n')
    {
      display.write(' ');
    }
    else
    {
      display.write(i);
    }
  }

  display.display();
  delay(4000);
}
void TextSize()
{
  display.clearDisplay();

  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0,0);
  display.println(F("Size: 1"));
  display.println(F("ABC"));

  display.setTextSize(2);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.println("Size: 2");
  display.println(F("ABC"));

  display.display();
  delay(3000);
}

void DrawRectangle()
{
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0,0);
  display.println("Rectangle");
  display.drawRect(0, 15, 90, 45, SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.display();
  delay(2000);
}

void DrawFilledRectangle()
{
  display.clearDisplay();  
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0,0);
  display.println("Filled Rectangle");
  display.fillRect(0, 15, 90, 45, SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.display();
  delay(2000);
  
}

void DrawRoundRectangle()
{
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0,0);
  display.println("Round Rectangle");
  display.drawRoundRect(0, 15, 90, 45, 10, SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.display();
  delay(2000);
}

void DrawFilledRoundRectangle()
{
  display.clearDisplay();  
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0,0);
  display.println("Filled Round Rect");
  display.fillRoundRect(0, 15, 90, 45, 10, SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.display();
  delay(2000);
  
}

void DrawCircle()
{
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0,0);
  display.println("Circle");
  display.drawCircle(30, 36, 25, SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.display();
  delay(2000);
}
void DrawFilledCircle()
{
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0,0);
  display.println("Filled Circle");
  display.fillCircle(30, 36, 25, SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.display();
  delay(2000);
  
}

void DrawTriangle()
{
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0,0);
  display.println("Triangle");
  display.drawTriangle(30, 15, 0, 60, 60, 60, SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.display();
  delay(2000);  
}

void DrawFilledTriangle()
{
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0,0);
  display.println("Filled Triangle");
  display.fillTriangle(30, 15, 0, 60, 60, 60, SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.display();
  delay(2000);
}
4

Everything looking good so far. How about posting the entire error message?

5 
Using previously compiled file: C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_398046\libraries\Adafruit_BusIO\Adafruit_SPIDevice.cpp.o
C:\Users\xxx\Documents\Arduino\libraries\Adafruit_BusIO\Adafruit_I2CDevice.cpp: In member function 'void Adafruit_I2CDevice::end()':
C:\Users\xxx\Documents\Arduino\libraries\Adafruit_BusIO\Adafruit_I2CDevice.cpp:44:10: error: 'class TwoWire' has no member named 'end'
   _wire->end();
          ^
Using library SPI at version 1.0 in folder: C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp32\hardware\esp32\1.0.6\libraries\SPI 
Using library Wire at version 1.0.1 in folder: C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp32\hardware\esp32\1.0.6\libraries\Wire 
Using library arduino_362764 at version 1.10.6 in folder: C:\Users\xxxx\Documents\Arduino\libraries\arduino_362764 
Using library Adafruit_SSD1306 at version 2.5.0 in folder: C:\Users\xxx\Documents\Arduino\libraries\Adafruit_SSD1306 
Using library Adafruit_BusIO at version 1.9.7 in folder: C:\Users\xxx\Documents\Arduino\libraries\Adafruit_BusIO 
exit status 1
Error compiling for board ESP32 Dev Module.

Is this enough? There is more info but all in white with no other errors

6

Looking at the code that produces the error, it seems like TwoWire does not implement the "end()" method for some boards (ESP8266). You may have selected a wrong board, or the support for the board is flaky, or your libraries needs to be updated.

7

Thanks, the board I have selected is exactly the board used for the example. It is interesting that two different sites with different projects but using I2C come up with the same errors. I will double-check my libraries but I tried the version they used and updated to the latest!

8

No errors here compiling on Arduino IDE 1.8.16 with ESP8266 Boards (3.0.2) and the latest versions of the libraries.
Sorry, saw ESP and though ESP8266 instead of ESP32. Problem may be that the ESP32 is fairly recent and the libraries have not implemented the specific code needed.

9

Without moving the wiring, I'd test with another Display library; GitHub - olikraus/U8g2_Arduino: U8glib V2 library for Arduino.

10

Friends, I have the same problem. Interestingly, for 2 weeks the compilation was correctly. Now not ArduinoIDE not Platformio has the same error.
arduino-cli installed on my linux-server compiles properly - most likely old versions of adafruit libraries / esp32 sourse code

11

That is it. error: 'class TwoWire' has no member named 'end' · Issue #69 · adafruit/Adafruit_BusIO · GitHub

1 Like
12

Use version 1.9.6 or 1.9.5 until this is fixed.

13

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