Filtering only big changes (Processing)

inByte[0] = float(inputStringArr[0])-600; 
 inByte[1] = float(inputStringArr[1])-600;
 inByte[2] = float(inputStringArr[2])-600;
 inByte[3] = float(inputStringArr[3])-600;
 inByte[4] = float(inputStringArr[4])-600;

What does the sending code look like? Why are you adding 600 to the value before converting it to a string?

On every call to serialEvent(), you are making a copy of the values in inByte in the new array inByteOld. There is nothing there to compare the new values to, so if the value is greater than 50, the difference will be too.

inByteOld needs to be global.