I'm going to be close to the limit of the write speed to the SD card
Your average data rate is no problem. If each data item took 10 bytes, 17 items at 10 Hz would be less than 2 KB/sec.
The problem could be some lost points due to occasional long write latency. The SD spec allows occasional write latencies of over 100 ms. The SD spec allows latencies of up to 250 ms as long as average transfer rates are maintained.
The only sure way to log data at rates faster than about 5 Hz is to use a separate thread to read sensors or read sensors in an interrupt routine. Data is then buffered for a thread that write data to the SD card.
I have posted examples of both solutions. The most general uses a small RTOS. See the nilSdLogger example in NilRTOS20130720.zip here Google Code Archive - Long-term storage for Google Code Project Hosting..