Hello, I builded electricity generator with lawn mower petrol engine and an inductive ac single phase motor.
In order to maintan voltage I must build device that will include
1.)Switching circuit
Explanation of case:
Rotor of motor is excited by connecting capacitor parallel to zero and phase coming from generator.
When I put load to generator voltage will start to drop, so I need to connect another capacitor to
maintain 240VAC. For example with no load 5uF is enough to maintain 240VAC, but when 1000w of
load is connected, 100uF cap is needed in order to maintain 240VAC.
I will use more caps (5 maybe) 5uf (for no load), than 4x 20uF (Different number of 20uF must be
connected for different loads).
What i need:
I need a device that will connect and disconnect caps individualy (via relays).
5uF capacitor will be connected all the time (so i will wire this directly).
All capacitors must be connected when voltage is smaller than 240V
If voltage starts to get greater than 250v first capacitor must disconnect,
if voltage is still getting greater of 250v second capacitor must disconnect,
if voltage is still getting greater of 250v third capacitor must disconnect,
if voltage is still getting greater of 250v fourth (last) capacitor must disconnect.
2.) Servo motor to controll tension of governors spring to controll RPM of lawn mowers engine.
When voltage is lower than 250vac servo must move right in order to higher RPMs, when voltage
is greater than 250vac servo must move left in order to lower RPMs.
This will also help to regulate voltage.
I understand that i need transformer and rectifier to lower the voltage to max 5vdc (generator can produce to 500vac, so i need to drop voltage 100 times lower).
I understand that I will need arduino, 4 relays, transformer, bridge rectifier and servo motor.
But from there on Im lost. Im a complete noob with microcontrollers, I hope someone could help me.
To power arduino I will use another 240VAC to 5VAC transformer >bridge rectifier> 5v voltage regulator. (This is ok i guess?)
When starting generator arduino will be off, when generator will reach enough voltage i will turn it on. (How long does arduino need to boot?)
My goal is to maintan from 220VAC to 270VAC!
Thank you for your time!