In VB.net there's a serial port class. Initialize an instance of it with the correct parameters and you can send data to Arduino.
On the Arduino side you use the serial.available() and serial.read() functions.
This is (part of) the vb.net code i use to open a serial port.
Imports System.IO
Dim WithEvents serialPort As New IO.Ports.SerialPort
Public Sub serialPortOpen()
'Configure and open the serial port
'If the port is already open, close it first
If serialPort.IsOpen Then
serialPort.Close()
End If
Try
With serialPort
.PortName = "your serial port goes here i.e com2 or whatever"
.BaudRate =9600 'must match what you setup in your arduino code
.Encoding = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII
.NewLine = Chr(13) + Chr(10)
End With
'Open the port and clear any junck in the input buffer
serialPort.Open()
serialPort.DiscardInBuffer()
Catch Ex As Exception
'handle any errors here
End Try
End Sub
If you are only going to send data frm VB to Arduino i think you can skip "withevents" in port declaration, but if you want to use for instance the serialport.ondatarecieved event it must be there.