By the look of it, there aren't any FETs in the controller from the views we have.
Maybe a small regulator (or is that the IR receiver?), crystal and micro.
This suggests logic levels from the micro to the first LED, which regenerates the data line for the next LED and so-on down the chain. Curious about the current delivered by that small regulator to feed all the LEDs. Perhaps only a few are on at any given time (plus the PWM off-time)
Unless you know what the LEDs are - you're going to need an oscilloscope to see what's happening on those wires!