Help understanding the Arduino Uno

I would NOT use that sort of board for your soldered connections as each hole is separate and you want to connect things. Some stripboad (veroboard is one brand) would be better as it has connections between the holes.

Thank you, I wouldn't have known it. I guess you mean something like this? ->Veroboard

Please don't use D0 & D1, or you may not able to write the program to Arduino.

If you tell me not to do it, then I won't, but why is that?