With all due respect, you have a hammer, and everything looks like a nail. If you want to use an Arduino properly, you need to invest some time in learning C. The IDE makes that fairly painless, removing some of the drudgery of function prototypes and whatnot, but you're still expected to make an effort.
Your options otherwise are limited to piecing together others' code and projects, or patching together a Rube Goldberg device, or hoping someone else might be bored or interested enough to do the work for you. (That sometimes happens, but don't count on it.)
Bash scripting is like digging a trench with a spoon, so with a fully-fledged programming language at your disposal, options abound. You've already wrapped your head around programming theory, so it's mainly just syntax now.
Start with some simple projects. Use demo code, make edits, learn the hardware and the syntax, and you'll be able to put pieces of your project together in no time.