So, basically, with right components, I should be able to use "one arduino" to control 10pcs of 5digit seperate 7segment led groups?
Theoretically you should be able to do this. It's going to be a wiring nightmare.
I forgot to mention the series current limiting resistors. You need one for each segment of each digit of each display. No, you cannot get away with using a single resistor in the common lead of each digit.
I forgot to answer this:
Can someone look at that tutorial http://dlnmh9ip6v2uc.cloudfront.net/datasheets/Components/General%20IC/arduino_segment_led.zip and maybe simplify it for us newbies?
That would be a waste of time.
In general what you need to understand that there is no mathematical relationship between the number that you want to display and the magic binary values that you will use to create that number on your display. The array is used to create the required relationship.
With a common anode display you will output a '1' to either of the 'Common Anode' pins and you will use the array to output '0' (via a current limiting resistor) to the appropriate segments. Therefore each '0' in the array signifies a segment that will be energized.
With a common cathode display you will output a '0' to either of the 'Common Cathode' pins and you will use the array to output '1' (via a current limiting resistor) to the appropriate segments. Therefore each '1' in the array signifies a segment that will be energized.
Don