How to control the volume of a buzzer while using the tone() function?

Projects Programming
1

Hello guys, this is my code:

#define A0  27.5
#define AS0 29.1
#define B0  30.8
#define C1  32.7
#define CS1 34.6
#define D1  36.7
#define DS1 38.8
#define E1  41.2
#define F1  43.6
#define FS1 46.2
#define G1  49
#define GS1 51.9
#define A1  55
#define AS1 58.3
#define B1  61.7
#define C2  65.4
#define CS2 69.2
#define D2  73.4
#define DS2 77.8
#define E2  82.4
#define F2  87.3
#define FS2 92.5
#define G2  98
#define GS2 103.8
#define A2  110
#define AS2 116.5
#define B2  123.5
#define C3  130.8
#define CS3 138.6
#define D3  146.8
#define DS3 155.6
#define E3  164.8
#define F3  174.6
#define FS3 185
#define G3  196
#define GS3 207.7
#define A3  220
#define AS3 233.1
#define B3  246.9
#define C4  261.6
#define CS4 277.2
#define D4  293.7
#define DS4 311.1
#define E4  329.6
#define F4  349.2
#define FS4 370
#define G4  392
#define GS4 415.3
#define A4  440
#define AS4 466.2
#define B4  493.9
#define C5  523.3
#define CS5 554.4
#define D5  587.3
#define DS5 622.3
#define E5  659.3
#define F5  698.5
#define FS5 740
#define G5  784
#define GS5 830.6
#define A5  880
#define AS5 932.3
#define B5  987.8
#define C6  1046.5
#define CS6 1108.7
#define D6  1174.7
#define DS6 1244.5
#define E6  1318.5
#define F6  1396.9
#define FS6 1480
#define G6  1568
#define GS6 1661.2
#define A6  1760
#define AS6 1864.7
#define B6  1975.5
#define C7  2093
#define CS7 2217.5
#define D7  2349.3
#define DS7 2489
#define E7  2637
#define F7  2793.8
#define FS7 2960
#define G7  3136
#define GS7 3322.4
#define A7  3520
#define AS7 3729.3
#define B7  3951.1
#define C8  4186
const int buzzerPin = 9;
const int buttonPin = 10;
const int melody[] = {F6, A6, E6, D6, AS4, F5, A5, E5, D5, 0, D7};
const int noteDurations[] = {2, 2, 4, 8, 8, 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 7};
const int tempo = 150;
const int volume = 256;
void setup(){
pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);
}
void loop(){
boolean buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);
if(buttonState == LOW){
for(int thisNote = 0; thisNote <= 10; thisNote++){ 
int noteDuration = noteDurations[thisNote] * 60000/tempo;
int i;
if(melody[i] != 0){
for(i = 0; i <= melody[i]*noteDuration/1000; i++){
analogWrite(buzzerPin, volume);
delayMicroseconds(500000/melody[i]);
analogWrite(buzzerPin, 0);
delayMicroseconds(500000/melody[i]);
}
}
else{
noTone(buzzerPin); 
delay(noteDuration);
}
noTone(buzzerPin);
}
}
else{
noTone(buzzerPin);
}
}

When I press the button, the buzzer makes a cracking sound. I understand it's because of the delayMicroseconds() for loop, but I used that as a replacement for the tone() function. I wanted to know how to control the volume while using the tone() function in PWM pins. I appreciate any solutions to this :slight_smile:
And I know I could've just used a resistor, but if I need to modify this code, I would like some notes louder than others.

2

Your duplicate post has been deleted

3

UKHeliBob:
Your duplicate post has been deleted

I'm sorry, I sort of had a connection error so it didn't save. So I copied it and posted it again and I didn't think it was duplicate

4

look at the top or bottom of the thread. There is a box "NO ALERTS OR EMAILS". Click that and set for the options you wish.

Paul

5

Don't the "A0", "B0", "A1" etc definitions cause compilation problems?

6

It compiled just fine for me. But when I uploaded it, it didn't work as what I wished.

7 
int i;
if(melody[i] != 0){

Hmmm

8

TheMemberFormerlyKnownAsAWOL:

int i;

if(melody[i] != 0){



Hmmm

Okay, that means the 0 symbolizes for NO sound. So if it's not equal to 0, it plays the sound. If it is, that's noTone();

9

I wasn't interested in the zero.
I was interested in i

10

TheMemberFormerlyKnownAsAWOL:
I wasn't interested in the zero.
I was interested in i

i indicates one of the entries in melody[].

11

And what is its value?

12

TheMemberFormerlyKnownAsAWOL:
And what is its value?

Oh, I get it! I'm supposed to use a different variable for the for() loop so it doesn't infere. However my problem isn't fixed. It still doesn't work

13

pon00009:
. However my problem isn't fixed. It still doesn't work

Thoughts and prayers.

14 
#define A0  27.5
#define AS0 29.1
#define B0  30.8
#define C1  32.7
#define CS1 34.6
#define D1  36.7
#define DS1 38.8
#define E1  41.2
#define F1  43.6
#define FS1 46.2
#define G1  49
#define GS1 51.9
#define A1  55
#define AS1 58.3
#define B1  61.7
#define C2  65.4
#define CS2 69.2
#define D2  73.4
#define DS2 77.8
#define E2  82.4
#define F2  87.3
#define FS2 92.5
#define G2  98
#define GS2 103.8
#define A2  110
#define AS2 116.5
#define B2  123.5
#define C3  130.8
#define CS3 138.6
#define D3  146.8
#define DS3 155.6
#define E3  164.8
#define F3  174.6
#define FS3 185
#define G3  196
#define GS3 207.7
#define A3  220
#define AS3 233.1
#define B3  246.9
#define C4  261.6
#define CS4 277.2
#define D4  293.7
#define DS4 311.1
#define E4  329.6
#define F4  349.2
#define FS4 370
#define G4  392
#define GS4 415.3
#define A4  440
#define AS4 466.2
#define B4  493.9
#define C5  523.3
#define CS5 554.4
#define D5  587.3
#define DS5 622.3
#define E5  659.3
#define F5  698.5
#define FS5 740
#define G5  784
#define GS5 830.6
#define A5  880
#define AS5 932.3
#define B5  987.8
#define C6  1046.5
#define CS6 1108.7
#define D6  1174.7
#define DS6 1244.5
#define E6  1318.5
#define F6  1396.9
#define FS6 1480
#define G6  1568
#define GS6 1661.2
#define A6  1760
#define AS6 1864.7
#define B6  1975.5
#define C7  2093
#define CS7 2217.5
#define D7  2349.3
#define DS7 2489
#define E7  2637
#define F7  2793.8
#define FS7 2960
#define G7  3136
#define GS7 3322.4
#define A7  3520
#define AS7 3729.3
#define B7  3951.1
#define C8  4186
const int buzzerPin = 9;
const int buttonPin = 10;
const int melody[] = {F6, A6, E6, D6, AS4, F5, A5, E5, D5, 0, D7};
const int noteDurations[] = {2, 2, 4, 8, 8, 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 7};
const int tempo = 150;
const int volume = 500;
void setup(){
pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);
}
void loop(){
boolean buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);
if(buttonState == LOW){
for(int thisNote = 0; thisNote <= 10; thisNote++){ 
int noteDuration = noteDurations[thisNote] * 60000/tempo;
int i;
if(melody[i] != 0){
for(int x = 0; x <= melody[i]*noteDuration/1000; x++){
analogWrite(buzzerPin, volume);
delayMicroseconds(500000/melody[i]);
analogWrite(buzzerPin, 0);
delayMicroseconds(500000/melody[i]);
}
}
else{
noTone(buzzerPin); 
delay(noteDuration);
}
noTone(buzzerPin);
}
}
else{
noTone(buzzerPin);
}
}

This is my new code. (Which still fails).

15 
int i;
if(melody[i] != 0){

We've been here before.

16

Okay, I wanted to just ask how to use the tone() function while controlling the volume of the piezo buzzer on a PWM analog output pin.

17

To your question, read this

As far as i is concerned in

 int i;
if(melody[i] != 0){...

the question remains. You declare a local variable i without assigning any value to it and you then use it. What index do you think will be used in the comparison?

18

J-M-L:
To your question, read this

As far as i is concerned in

 int i;

if(melody[i] != 0){...



the question remains. You declare a local variable i without assigning any value to it and you then use it. What index do you think will be used in the comparison?

I used "thisNote" instead. I got it, but still not working :frowning: Also, I didn't say I wanted to adjust the volume of the entire thing, just on specific notes. To do that, I will need to modify the code. Does anyone know how?

19

pon00009:
I used "thisNote" instead. I got it, but still not working

No, still not understanding this.

Code please.

20

TheMemberFormerlyKnownAsAWOL:
No, still not understanding this.

Code please.

Okay...

#define A0  27.5
#define AS0 29.1
#define B0  30.8
#define C1  32.7
#define CS1 34.6
#define D1  36.7
#define DS1 38.8
#define E1  41.2
#define F1  43.6
#define FS1 46.2
#define G1  49
#define GS1 51.9
#define A1  55
#define AS1 58.3
#define B1  61.7
#define C2  65.4
#define CS2 69.2
#define D2  73.4
#define DS2 77.8
#define E2  82.4
#define F2  87.3
#define FS2 92.5
#define G2  98
#define GS2 103.8
#define A2  110
#define AS2 116.5
#define B2  123.5
#define C3  130.8
#define CS3 138.6
#define D3  146.8
#define DS3 155.6
#define E3  164.8
#define F3  174.6
#define FS3 185
#define G3  196
#define GS3 207.7
#define A3  220
#define AS3 233.1
#define B3  246.9
#define C4  261.6
#define CS4 277.2
#define D4  293.7
#define DS4 311.1
#define E4  329.6
#define F4  349.2
#define FS4 370
#define G4  392
#define GS4 415.3
#define A4  440
#define AS4 466.2
#define B4  493.9
#define C5  523.3
#define CS5 554.4
#define D5  587.3
#define DS5 622.3
#define E5  659.3
#define F5  698.5
#define FS5 740
#define G5  784
#define GS5 830.6
#define A5  880
#define AS5 932.3
#define B5  987.8
#define C6  1046.5
#define CS6 1108.7
#define D6  1174.7
#define DS6 1244.5
#define E6  1318.5
#define F6  1396.9
#define FS6 1480
#define G6  1568
#define GS6 1661.2
#define A6  1760
#define AS6 1864.7
#define B6  1975.5
#define C7  2093
#define CS7 2217.5
#define D7  2349.3
#define DS7 2489
#define E7  2637
#define F7  2793.8
#define FS7 2960
#define G7  3136
#define GS7 3322.4
#define A7  3520
#define AS7 3729.3
#define B7  3951.1
#define C8  4186
const int buzzerPin = 9;
const int buttonPin = 10;
const int melody[] = {F6, A6, E6, D6, AS4, F5, A5, E5, D5, 0, D7};
const int noteDurations[] = {2, 2, 4, 8, 8, 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 7};
const int tempo = 150;
const int volume = 500;
void setup(){
pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);
}
void loop(){
boolean buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);
if(buttonState == LOW){
for(int thisNote = 0; thisNote <= 10; thisNote++){ 
int noteDuration = noteDurations[thisNote] * 60000/tempo;
if(melody[thisNote] != 0){
tone(buzzerPin, melody[thisNote], noteDuration);
}
}
else{
noTone(buzzerPin); 
}
noTone(buzzerPin);
}
}
else{
noTone(buzzerPin);
}
}