I am creating a notification system, and would like to have my arduino execute code whenever my iPhone gets an alert from specific apps. I need to know how to connect a bluetooth module to my phone and how to send a signal to the arduino from my phone automatically when I receive an altert. Thanks!
Look up IFTTT
And why would you need to connect a bluetooth module to your iphone? Does it not have bluetooth?
And why bluetooth? You want this only to happen when you are within 30ft of the Arduino? Regardless, bluetooth does not do push. Every time you want to do what you think you want to do, you have to pair.
And this thing you're 'creating' would be much simpler if you used a wifi enabled board.
Instead of asking how to create this thing you think would work, you should back up and start asking how feasible and sound your (non-existent, frankly) design is.