How to use timer???

So I'm trying to write a code for a class and it has to take heart rate as the input, and print out on an LCD screen what that rate is (this is the output). This code is supposed to use a timer and/or a counter, and I have no idea where to begin. All the examples of the timers I have found use a blinking LED. I am using an Arduino duemilanove ATmega 328 board. Any ideas??? :~

KatBME:
So I'm trying to write a code for a class and it has to take heart rate as the input, and print out on an LCD screen what that rate is (this is the output). This code is supposed to use a timer and/or a counter, and I have no idea where to begin. All the examples of the timers I have found use a blinking LED.

Don't look at what it does, look at how it does it.

this may help: http://www.gammon.com.au/forum/?id=11504