It sometimes works, it loops through all the sensors and then once it comes back to the start the sending of data just stops. I tried chopping it up per sensor and all their individual codes work fine but once they're combined it just stops reading and sending the data to the Raspberry Pi.
Is there anyone who knows how LoRa SX1278 works?
There are volunteers on here that know how a LoRa SX1278.
If you want help, then you will need to post your code and detail which Arduino you are using etc ......
I'm using an Arduino Uno R3 and my sensors are:
pH: PH-4502C
Temperature: DS18B20
Waterflow: YF-S401
TDS (Total Dissolved Solids): SEN0244
the LoRa that I'm using is this: Ra-02 Ai Thinker SX1278
all connected with the use of jumper wires into the Arduino.
I also have 3 motors that are connected to each of their own relay modules.
Here is my overall code:
// imports library
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <OneWire.h>
#include <DallasTemperature.h>
#include <SPI.h> //Import SPI librarey
#include <RH_RF95.h> // RF95 from RadioHead Library
#define RFM95_RST 9 //RST of Lora connected to pin 9
// // Change to 434.0 or other frequency, must match RX's freq!
#define RF95_FREQ 433.0
// Singleton instance of the radio driver
RH_RF95 rf95;
// Water Pump
const int pumpPin = A5; // initialize digital pin A5 for pump control
// pH Motors
int motorUp = 8;
int motorDown = 6;
// pH Sensor
int pHSense = 7;
int samples = 10;
float adc_resolution = 1024.0;
// Temperature Sensor
const int SENSOR_PIN = 3; // Arduino pin connected to DS18B20 sensor's DQ pin
OneWire oneWire(SENSOR_PIN); // setup a oneWire instance
DallasTemperature tempSensor(&oneWire); // pass oneWire to DallasTemperature library
float tempCelsius; // temperature in Celsius
float tempFahrenheit; // temperature in Fahrenheit
// TDS Sensor
#define TdsSensorPin A3
#define VREF 5.0 // analog reference voltage(Volt) of the ADC
#define SCOUNT 30 // sum of sample point
int analogBuffer[SCOUNT]; // store the analog value in the array, read from ADC
int analogBufferTemp[SCOUNT];
int analogBufferIndex = 0,copyIndex = 0;
float averageVoltage = 0,tdsValue = 0, temperature = 25;
// Waterflow Sensor
int sensorPin = 5;
volatile long pulse;
unsigned long lastTime;
float volume;
void setup() {
// Water Pump
pinMode(pumpPin, OUTPUT);
// Set baud rate
Serial .begin(9600);
delay(100);
// pH sensor
Serial.println("Hydroponics Project");
// pH Motors
pinMode(motorUp, OUTPUT); //sets the digital pin as output
pinMode(motorDown, OUTPUT); //sets the digital pin as output
// Temperature Sensor
tempSensor.begin(); // initialize the sensor
// TDS Sensor
pinMode(TdsSensorPin, INPUT);
// Waterflow Sensor
pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT);
attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(sensorPin), increase, RISING);
// LoRa
pinMode(RFM95_RST, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(RFM95_RST, LOW);
delay(10);
digitalWrite(RFM95_RST, HIGH);
delay(10);
Serial.println("Arduino LoRa TX Test!");
// Initialize LoRa Module
while (!rf95.init()) {
Serial.println("LoRa radio init failed");
while (1);
}
while(!rf95.setFrequency(RF95_FREQ)){
Serial.println("LoRa radio FREQ failed");
while (1);
}
Serial.print("Set Freq to: "); Serial.println(RF95_FREQ);
rf95.setTxPower(23,false);
}
// pH Sensor and Motors
float ph(float voltage) {
return 7 + ((2.5 - voltage) / 0.18);
}
#define STABLE_PH_DURATION 300000 // 5 minutes in milliseconds
#define LOWER_PH_THRESHOLD 5.5 // Modify this value as needed
#define HIGHER_PH_THRESHOLD 6.5 // Modify this value as needed
bool motorActivated = false;
unsigned long timerStart = 0;
bool phStable = false;
void resetTimer() {
timerStart = millis();
}
void loop() {
waterPumpFunction();
phSensorFunctionHigh();
phSensorFunctionLow();
tempSensorFunction();
tdsSensorFunction();
waterFlowSensorFunction();
}
// Water pump
void waterPumpFunction(){
// W A T E R P U M P
digitalWrite(pumpPin, HIGH); // send signal from pin 9 to circuit
delay(0);
digitalWrite(pumpPin, LOW);
delay(5000);
}
// End of Water pump
// pH Sensor
void phSensorFunctionHigh() {
int measurings = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < samples; i++) {
measurings += analogRead(pHSense);
delay(500);
}
float voltage = 5 / adc_resolution * measurings / samples;
float currentPH = ph(voltage);
Serial.print("pH = ");
Serial.println(currentPH);
// Check if pH is lower than thresholds
if (currentPH < LOWER_PH_THRESHOLD) {
if (!motorActivated) {
motorFunctionPhUp(); // Activate the motor
motorActivated = true;
resetTimer();
}
} else {
motorActivated = false;
}
// Check if pH has been stable for 5 minutes
if (millis() - timerStart >= STABLE_PH_DURATION && motorActivated) {
phStable = true;
// Stop motor activation
motorActivated = false;
}
// Check if pH becomes unstable again
if (phStable && (currentPH < LOWER_PH_THRESHOLD)) {
phStable = false;
resetTimer();
}
// Lora sending values of pH to Raspberry Pi
String finalph = "ph=" + String(currentPH);
loRaSender(finalph);
}
void phSensorFunctionLow(){
int measurings = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < samples; i++) {
measurings += analogRead(pHSense);
delay(500);
}
float voltage = 5 / adc_resolution * measurings / samples;
float currentPH = ph(voltage);
Serial.print("pH = ");
Serial.println(currentPH);
// Check if pH is higher than threshold
if (currentPH > HIGHER_PH_THRESHOLD) {
if (!motorActivated) {
motorFunctionPhDown(); // Activate the motor
motorActivated = true;
resetTimer();
}
} else {
motorActivated = false;
}
// Check if pH has been stable for 5 minutes
if (millis() - timerStart >= STABLE_PH_DURATION && motorActivated) {
phStable = true;
// Stop motor activation
motorActivated = false;
}
// Check if pH becomes unstable again
if (phStable && (currentPH > HIGHER_PH_THRESHOLD)) {
phStable = false;
resetTimer();
}
// Lora sending values of pH to Raspberry Pi
String finalph = "ph=" + String(currentPH);
loRaSender(finalph);
}
void motorFunctionPhUp(){
Serial.println("Trigger the peristaltic to dose the nutrient");
digitalWrite(motorUp,HIGH); //turns the LED on
delay(3000);
digitalWrite(motorUp,LOW);
delay(3000);
}
void motorFunctionPhDown(){
Serial.println("Trigger the peristaltic to dose the nutrient");
digitalWrite(motorDown,HIGH); //turns the LED on
delay(3000);
digitalWrite(motorDown,LOW);
delay(3000);
}
// end of pH Sensor & pH Motors
// Temperature Sensor
void tempSensorFunction(){
// T E M P S E N S O R
unsigned long previousMillis = 0;
const long interval = 1000; // Interval in milliseconds
unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
tempSensor.requestTemperatures(); // send the command to get temperatures
tempCelsius = tempSensor.getTempCByIndex(0); // read temperature in Celsius
tempFahrenheit = tempCelsius * 9 / 5 + 32; // convert Celsius to Fahrenheit
Serial.print("Temperature= ");
Serial.print(tempCelsius); // print the temperature in Celsius
Serial.print("°C");
Serial.print(" ~ "); // separator between Celsius and Fahrenheit
Serial.print(tempFahrenheit); // print the temperature in Fahrenheit
Serial.println("°F");
String tempString = "Temperature="+String(tempCelsius)+"~"+String(tempFahrenheit);
loRaSender(tempString);
}
// end of Temperature Sensor
// TDS Sensor
void tdsSensorFunction()
{
static unsigned long analogSampleTimepoint = millis();
if (millis()-analogSampleTimepoint > 40U) //every 40 milliseconds,read the analog value from the ADC
{
analogSampleTimepoint = millis();
analogBuffer[analogBufferIndex] = analogRead(TdsSensorPin); //read the analog value and store into the buffer
analogBufferIndex++;
if (analogBufferIndex == SCOUNT)
analogBufferIndex = 0;
}
static unsigned long printTimepoint = millis();
if (millis()-printTimepoint > 800U)
{
printTimepoint = millis();
for (copyIndex = 0; copyIndex < SCOUNT; copyIndex++)
analogBufferTemp[copyIndex] = analogBuffer[copyIndex];
averageVoltage = getMedianNum(analogBufferTemp, SCOUNT) * (float)VREF / 1024.0; // read the analog value more stable by the median filtering algorithm, and convert to voltage value
float compensationCoefficient = 1.0 + 0.02 * (temperature - 25.0); //temperature compensation formula: fFinalResult(25^C) = fFinalResult(current)/(1.0+0.02*(fTP-25.0));
float compensationVolatge = averageVoltage / compensationCoefficient; //temperature compensation
tdsValue = (133.42 * compensationVolatge * compensationVolatge * compensationVolatge - 255.86 * compensationVolatge * compensationVolatge + 857.39 * compensationVolatge) * 0.5; //convert voltage value to tds value
Serial.print("TDS Value=");
Serial.print(tdsValue, 0);
Serial.println("ppm");
}
// Lora sending values of TDS value to Rasberry pi
String tdsString = "TDS value="+String(tdsValue);
loRaSender(tdsString);
}
int getMedianNum(int bArray[], int iFilterLen)
{
int bTab[iFilterLen];
for (byte i = 0; i < iFilterLen; i++)
bTab[i] = bArray[i];
int i, j, bTemp;
for (j = 0; j < iFilterLen - 1; j++)
{
for (i = 0; i < iFilterLen - j - 1; i++)
{
if (bTab[i] > bTab[i + 1])
{
bTemp = bTab[i];
bTab[i] = bTab[i + 1];
bTab[i + 1] = bTemp;
}
}
}
if ((iFilterLen & 1) > 0)
bTemp = bTab[(iFilterLen - 1) / 2];
else
bTemp = (bTab[iFilterLen / 2] + bTab[iFilterLen / 2 - 1]) / 2;
return bTemp;
}
// End of TDS Sensor
// Waterflow Sensor
void waterFlowSensorFunction() {
volume = pulse * 60 / 7.5;
String literString = "";
if (millis() >= (lastTime + 1000)) {
pulse = 0;
lastTime = millis();
literString = "L/hour="+String(volume);
}
Serial.print("L/hour=");
Serial.println(volume);
loRaSender(literString);
}
void increase() {
pulse++;
}
// End of Waterflow Sensor
// LoRa Sender & Receiver
void loRaSender(String message){
char* messageString = message.c_str();
// if(rf95.available()){
// // previousMillis = currentMillis;
rf95.available();
Serial.println(rf95.send((uint8_t*)messageString, strlen(messageString)));
Serial.println(rf95.waitPacketSent());
rf95.sleep();
rf95.setModeIdle();
delay(3000);
// Serial.println("LoRa sent to rasberry pi server sucessfully");
}
void loRaReceiver(){
if (rf95.available())
{
// Should be a message for us now
uint8_t buf[RH_RF95_MAX_MESSAGE_LEN];
uint8_t len = sizeof(buf);
if (rf95.recv(buf, &len))
{
RH_RF95::printBuffer("Received: ", buf, len);
Serial.print("Got: ");
Serial.println((char*)buf);
Serial.print("RSSI: ");
Serial.println(rf95.lastRssi(), DEC);
}
else
{
Serial.println("Receive failed");
}
}
}
// End of LoRa Sender & Receiver
The UNO is a 5V logic level Arduino.
The Ra-02 Ai Thinker SX1278 is a 3.3V Logic level module I believe.
So what logic level conversion circuitry are you using between the UNO and the LoRa module ?
Long term you will find it a lot easier to use 3.3V Arduinos for a lot of modern sensors.
The LoRa is connected to the 3.3V pin of the Arduino board.
That does not turn the 5V logic level pins from the UNO into 3.3V logic level pins.
Do a Google search on 'Arduino logic level conversion' for details.
And on some UNOs, the 3.3V pin, cannot provide enough current to run a device such as a RF transmitter, you need a seperate 3.3V supply.
Thank you for this, just ordered a Bi-directional logic level converter. Hopefully this fixes the problem I'm having. Really appreciate it!
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