I just finished soldering a new PCB and plugged it in. I left it plugged in for a short time while I tried to program it, and realized it wasn't working properly. I unplugged it, and I got out my multimeter and started testing points. Unfortunately, the problem was soon found : the solder underneath a capacitor that went from 5V to GND had bridged, causing a short. Now that I've corrected the problem, everything appears to work fine, but I'm worried about potential damages caused. Luckily I was using a power bank, so I'm assuming it has some sort of protection built in, seeing that it's still working and isn't, you know, on fire.
Should I be worried about other components? What should I check?
First you need to explain exactly what you had connected to what. So far you have literally described "I shorted out my something-or-other while it was powered by a thing and wonder if some thingy might be affected".
The solder underneath a capacitor that went from 5V to GND had bridged, causing a short.
Luckily I was using a power bank, so I'm assuming it has some sort of protection built in, seeing that it's still working and isn't, you know, on fire.
I think you will be OK. All but the cheapest, nastiest power supplies have short circuit protection these days. I don't think I have ever damaged a power supply by shorting it out, not recently anyway.
Should I be worried about other components? What should I check?
No, nothing. If I understood correctly it was the PSU you shorted and that seems to have survived.
Paul__B:
First you need to explain exactly what you had connected to what. So far you have literally described "I shorted out my something-or-other while it was powered by a thing and wonder if some thingy might be affected".
I just shorted the Power bank's voltage and GND. They connect to the rest of the circuit through a USB. From there, the 5V goes to a voltage regulator, then to several capacitors that go to ground to protect the rest of the circuit, as well as to the micro controller I'm using (which is also still working).
So far everything is working as far as I can tell. The controller still works.
Clefsphere:
Excellent, and the protection circuit in the Power Bank I'm using as a power supply must have saved it, as Perry suggested, since it's still working.
If it was damaged I surely would have seen evidence of it by now, right?
You would have seen evidence of it while the short was there - likely in the form of smoke coming out of the power bank.