IMU Sensor stops updating values after SD Card activated

MK1888:
Sorry, I wasn't thinking clearly last night. I interpreted the IF blocks as WHILE loops.

Which line are you removing to make it work?

Also, showing your circuit might be useful.

Removing this section makes it work:

if (!SD.begin(chipSelect)) {
   Serial.println("Card failed, or not present");
   // don't do anything more:
   return;
 }

Obviously I changed the printing to the file to printing to the serial monitor as well, making the sketch ignore the SD card entirely.

The circuit is pretty trivial; It's an Arduino UNO with the Ethernet and Motion shields stacked on top (in that order). As I said in the OP, I have very little practical electronics experience, so please forgive me if that's a stupid thing to do!