Int declarations

Haha AWOL, sorry, but no, I cannot see any clearly-posted forum guidelines. I thought my posts were perfect netiquette.

As a moderator, did you think your post was any different to mine? "slarurence, have you even read the clearly-posted forum posting guidelines, or are you one of those people who thinks netiquette and good manners are for others?"

With Arduino:

int

Description

Integers are your primary data-type for number storage.

On the Arduino Uno (and other ATMega based boards) an int stores a 16-bit (2-byte) value. This yields a range of -32,768 to 32,767 (minimum value of -2^15 and a maximum value of (2^15) - 1).
On the Arduino Due and SAMD based boards (like MKR1000 and Zero), an int stores a 32-bit (4-byte) value. This yields a range of -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 (minimum value of -2^31 and a maximum value of (2^31) - 1).

int's store negative numbers with a technique called 2's complement math. The highest bit, sometimes referred to as the "sign" bit, flags the number as a negative number. The rest of the bits are inverted and 1 is added.

The Arduino takes care of dealing with negative numbers for you, so that arithmetic operations work transparently in the expected manner.