No, the SPI signals are "hardwired" to internal hardware that performs the SPI functions. However I guess someone proficient enough could write a software SPI functions using different pins and then rewrite the ArduinoISP sketch to utilize that software SPI function. Sounds like a lot of work, better to find a way to buy a new Arduino board. A 'clone' arduino board can often be found on E-bay for around $20 if money is tight.
Another option is to unsolder the fried CPU and solder on a new one. Not too expensive when ordered from Digikey, et al and it'll teach you drag soldering in the process! It's something I'll be doing with my mini-pro after applying a bit of too much voltage to one of the analog pins...
Yeah, the Ruggeduino is one fantastic little unit that is a terrific value. All the benefits of a Uno plus voltage protection with minimal additional cost.