Issue with CAN communication between Arduino Nano and Teensy 4.1

Yes, I have some modules with the MCP2515 and the TJA1050 as well. I looked at the TJA 1050 datasheet and did not see a reason why they would not be compatible.

The datasheet shows there is a pin called S. It should be connected to GND. If connected to Vcc the transceiver will go into silent mode.