Issue with sending PAYLOAD using LORA RYL896

Projects Networking, Protocols, and Devices
1 
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_INA219.h>
#include "HX710B.h"
#include <DHT.h>
#include <avr/sleep.h>
#include <avr/wdt.h>
#include <TinyGPS++.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

// Set the sender's unique address here: change to 100 or 150 for each sender
#define MY_ADDRESS 100

// Sensor Pins
#define SENSOR_LED_PIN 8
#define LDR_SENSOR_PIN 7       // Digital read for LDR
#define DHT_SENSOR_PIN 5       // Digital pin for DHT sensor (temperature & humidity)
#define MHSENSOR_PIN A0        // Moisture sensor (analog)
#define MQ135_SENSOR_PIN A3    // Gas sensor (analog)
#define RAIN_DROP_ANALOG_PIN A1
#define DHT_TYPE DHT11         // Change to DHT22 if needed


const int PRESSURE_DOUT_PIN = 2;
const int PRESSURE_SCLK_PIN = 3;

Adafruit_INA219 ina219;
HX710B pressure_sensor;
DHT dht(DHT_SENSOR_PIN, DHT_TYPE);

const float MAX_BATTERY_VOLTAGE = 8.4;
const float MIN_BATTERY_VOLTAGE = 6.0;
// -------------------------
// GPS related declarations
// -------------------------
SoftwareSerial gpsSerial(4, 6);  // (RX, TX) using pins 4 and 6
TinyGPSPlus gps;
// -------------------------

// Function prototypes
void sendSensorPayload();
void sendGPSPayload();
void turnOffSensors();
void goToSleep();
void wakeUpSensors();

bool isFirstTransmission = true;
// Global variables to store last known location
float lastLat = 0.0;
float lastLng = 0.0;
bool hasLastLocation = false; // Flag to check if the last location is set

void setup() {
    Serial.begin(115200);
      gpsSerial.begin(9600);

    Wire.begin();

    if (!ina219.begin()) {
        Serial.println("Failed to find INA219 chip");
        while (1);
    }

    pressure_sensor.begin(PRESSURE_DOUT_PIN, PRESSURE_SCLK_PIN, 128);
    dht.begin();

    pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(SENSOR_LED_PIN, OUTPUT);

    digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SENSOR_LED_PIN, HIGH);

    // Initialize LoRa module with AT commands
    Serial.print("AT\r\n");
    delay(100);
    Serial.print("AT+ADDRESS=");
    Serial.print(MY_ADDRESS);
    Serial.print("\r\n");
    delay(100);
    Serial.print("AT+PARAMETER=10,7,1,7\r\n");
    delay(100);
    Serial.print("AT+BAND=868500000\r\n");
    delay(100);
    Serial.print("AT+NETWORKID=6\r\n");
    delay(100);
    Serial.print("AT+CRFOP=15\r\n");
    delay(100);
}

void loop() {
    // If this sender's address is 150, wait an offset time (e.g., 5 seconds)
    // so that the sender with address 100 sends first.
    if (MY_ADDRESS == 150) {
        delay(4500);
    }

    digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SENSOR_LED_PIN, HIGH);

    // Read sensors
    float moisturePercent = (analogRead(MHSENSOR_PIN) / 1023.0) * 100.0;
    float gasPercent = (analogRead(MQ135_SENSOR_PIN) / 1023.0) * 100.0;
    int ldrDigital = digitalRead(LDR_SENSOR_PIN);
    String lightState = (ldrDigital == HIGH) ? "Nt" : "dt";
    float rainPercent = (analogRead(RAIN_DROP_ANALOG_PIN) / 1023.0) * 100.0;
    float temperature = dht.readTemperature();
    float humidityDHT = dht.readHumidity();
 // Pressure sensor measurement
    // Assume raw pressure is in hPa, convert to atm (1 atm = 1013.25 hPa)
    float rawPressure = pressure_sensor.read();
    float pressure_atm = rawPressure / 1013.25;

    // Battery calculation
    float busVoltage = ina219.getBusVoltage_V();
    float battery_percentage = ((busVoltage - MIN_BATTERY_VOLTAGE) / (MAX_BATTERY_VOLTAGE - MIN_BATTERY_VOLTAGE)) * 100.0;
    String battery_flag = (battery_percentage <= 25.0) ? "00" :
                          (battery_percentage <= 50.0) ? "01" :
                          (battery_percentage <= 75.0) ? "10" : "11";

    // Wake up LoRa module before measurement
    Serial.print("AT+MODE=0\r\n");
    delay(100);

    // Measure current right before sending data
    float current_mA = ina219.getCurrent_mA();
     // Attempt to get a GPS fix for up to 5 seconds
  unsigned long gpsStartTime = millis();
  while (millis() - gpsStartTime < 5000) {
    while (gpsSerial.available()) {
      char c = gpsSerial.read();
      gps.encode(c);
    }
    if (gps.location.isValid()) {
      lastLat = gps.location.lat(); // Update last known location
      lastLng = gps.location.lng(); // Update last known location
      hasLastLocation = true; // Set the flag indicating we have a last known location
      break; // Exit loop if we have a valid fix
    }
  }

    // Build JSON message with units and include the sender address
  
  // Build JSON payload for GPS data
  String gpsJson = "{";
  gpsJson += "\"addr\":\"" + String(MY_ADDRESS) + "\",";
  
  if (gps.location.isValid()) {
    gpsJson += "\"lt\":\"" + String(gps.location.lat(), 5) + "\",";
    gpsJson += "\"lg\":\"" + String(gps.location.lng(), 5) + "\",";
  } else if (hasLastLocation) {
    // Use last known location if no current fix
    gpsJson += "\"lt\":\"" + String(lastLat, 5) + "\",";
    gpsJson += "\"lg\":\"" + String(lastLng, 5) + "\",";
  } else {
    gpsJson += "\"lt\":\"N/A\",";
    gpsJson += "\"lg\":\"N/A\",";
  }

  gpsJson += "\"M\":\"" + String(moisturePercent, 1) + "%\",";
  gpsJson += "\"G\":\"" + String(gasPercent, 1) + "%\",";
  gpsJson += "\"L\":\"" + lightState + "\",";
  gpsJson += "\"R\":\"" + String(rainPercent, 1) + "%\",";
  gpsJson += "\"T\":\"" + String(temperature, 1) + " °C\",";
  gpsJson += "\"H\":\"" + String(humidityDHT, 1) + "%\",";
  gpsJson += "\"P\":\"" + String(pressure_atm, 3) + " atm\",";
  gpsJson += "\"B\":\"" + battery_flag + "\",";
  gpsJson += "\"C\":\"" + String(current_mA, 2) + "mA\"";
  
  gpsJson += "}";

  int gpsPayloadLength = gpsJson.length();
  String gpsCommand = "AT+SEND=117," + String(gpsPayloadLength) + "," + MY_ADDRESS + gpsJson;
  Serial.print(gpsCommand + "\r\n");

    // Wait for LoRa module to confirm sending (max 2 seconds)
    unsigned long startTime = millis();
    while (millis() - startTime < 2000) {
        if (Serial.available()) {
            String response = Serial.readString();
            if (response.indexOf("OK") != -1) {
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    // Put LoRa module to sleep
    Serial.print("AT+MODE=1\r\n");
    delay(500);

    // Turn off sensors
    turnOffSensors();

    // Enter deep sleep for 10 seconds
    goToSleep();
        delay(8000);

}

void turnOffSensors() {
    digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SENSOR_LED_PIN, LOW);
    digitalWrite(MHSENSOR_PIN, LOW);
    digitalWrite(MQ135_SENSOR_PIN, LOW);
    digitalWrite(RAIN_DROP_ANALOG_PIN, LOW);
    pinMode(LDR_SENSOR_PIN, INPUT);
    pinMode(DHT_SENSOR_PIN, INPUT);
}

void goToSleep() {
    Serial.println("Sleep...");
    set_sleep_mode(SLEEP_MODE_PWR_DOWN);
    cli();
    sleep_enable();

    // Sleep for 10 seconds total using watchdog timer and delay
    wdt_enable(WDTO_8S);
    sei();
    sleep_cpu();
    sleep_disable();
    wdt_disable();
    delay(10000);  // Additional 2 seconds delay to complete 10 seconds

    Serial.println("Awake...");
    wakeUpSensors();
}

void wakeUpSensors() {
    pinMode(LDR_SENSOR_PIN, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(DHT_SENSOR_PIN, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(MHSENSOR_PIN, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(MQ135_SENSOR_PIN, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(RAIN_DROP_ANALOG_PIN, OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SENSOR_LED_PIN, HIGH);
    dht.begin();
    pressure_sensor.begin(PRESSURE_DOUT_PIN, PRESSURE_SCLK_PIN, 128);

    delay(100);
}

ISSUE IS WHEN EVER I SEND THIS PAYLOAD I AM UNABLE TO SEND IT BUT WHEN I COMMENT OUT ONE OR TWO JASON DATA LINE (BASICCALY A SNESOR DATA) IT WORKS.Any one knows the issue although the lora payload size if 240bytes+ so character length is not an issue

2

What is your arduino board?
Your code looks a way big for Uno/Nano 8bit AVR.
What does Arduino IDE prints after compilation?

3

any particular reason to transmit data over LoRa in JSON format? what is the receiver?
keep in mind the LoRa fair usage policy
I would tend to transmit sensor data over LoRa in binary

reading the RYL896 documentation it appears to use 3.3V logic - you need to use level converters when connecting to a Nano or a UNO

4

Its UNO

5

you didn't answer to this:

6

aa its basically a payload size overloading issue i just trimmed out the json payload thus reducing sender side load and handled at receiver end
and yes i tried using Base64 encoding decoding but will use if payload unable to be fit in controlled

7

Why do you need a Base 64? This is again an inflation of size.
Why not to send a data as is - in binary?

8

hmm sure will use if payload increases afterwards right now its working