The constant voltage maintains the voltage by changing the current.
No, the load determines the current. The power supply will maintain a constant output voltage regardless of the load being 5 microamps or 5 amps.
The Over protection current lets me set a current then when i exceed this current by giving more and more voltage, the Korad will cut itself off until I either lower the voltage or turn off the overcurrent setting.
Not exactly although I don’t honestly understand what you’re trying to say. The constant current setting only functions when the load current exceeds the current setting of the power supply. When this occurs, the output voltage will drop until the supply output current matches the current (I) pot setting. Turning the current pot to zero will result in zero output volts. Think about a second, it will make sense. If you don’t want any current, you cannot have any voltage.
Under no circumstances will the output voltage rise above the voltage pot setting in an attempt to meet the current pot setting. There are supplies that do behave that way but they will have a selection switch for either constant voltage or constant current mode. The unit you have is does not have that selection and the voltage output is always limited by the pot setting.
The over current protection is very simple, the device will not allow more than 5 amps to flow. If the load demands more than that, the voltage drops to keep the current at 5 amps. This means the supply can operate into a short without damaging and or overheating although the output voltage may only be a few millivolts.