Range is proportional to wave length unless you go to high-gain directional antennas - so 433MHz is
much longer range than 2.4GHz.
This is a simple fact of antenna effective area, which depends on wavelength squared - you gather more
signal power with a longer dipole.
Of course there are other factors, like available bandwidth, co-channel interference (2.4GHz has all
the microwave ovens blasting out on it for example).