Long-Range Communication

Yeah it works but there is no Wi-Fi in the field. I can't use my phones wifi since there is no signal.
It's a military field

A wifi router/access point will provide a wifi signal in the field. Or, is it prohibited?

You do know the difference between wifi and cell service, right?

EDIT - What is allowed and prohibited on this hitherto unmentioned military field? Are there any radars and/or radio-location beacons for aircraft?

By testing various parameter settings, in typical locations where you will be trying to communicate.

The LoRa distance record is now around 800 km for a balloon flight.

Yeah, we recently heard from Voyager. It left the solar system a long time ago. Not Lora, but... given the right equipment...

Yeah they reached 800km but in which conditions. Testing with various parameters is difficult since it's pretty hard to find a non-urban open test field.

It's not allowed, I should've written that.

I told you: a balloon flight.

Testing with various parameters is difficult since it's pretty hard to find a non-urban open test field.

Consider hiring someone to do the hard work.

I mean, which bandwidth, frequency, spreading factor, coding rate etc.
If I were building a balloon's communication it's hard to find similar environments.

You're not, so focus on the task at hand. Do the required experimentation in the appropriate environment.

Thats a spec sheet for some module that contains some electronics and an SX1278. A native SX1278 has a max VCC of 3.9v and not 5.5v.

So how relavent the rest of the info is, who knows.

Well sort of, where there is true line of sight, say ground to high altitude balloon, then since you know the antenna eficiencies, the free space path loss and the receiver sensitivity, in theory you can calculate the distance.

Problem with LoRa is at long range modes it operates at well below noise level so you need to know the local noise level too. In practical tests using a decending packet power transmission method you can work out the transmit power at which reception fails. So you can measure what the signal level should be at the point reception fails because you know the distance. And surprise surprise in practical tests this signal level is around +15dBm versus the data sheet spec. Not sure the actual conditions (i.e. local noise level) that the data sheet sensitivity specs were arrived at, maybe in a Farady shield.

So whilst in theory you ought to be able to calculate distances, in practice its not really accurate. Which is why there have been so many practical tests using LoRa under controlled conditions. Including some by me back in early 2015.

Current record is 832km;

Since we know the antenna used, the LoRa settings, frequency and the transmit power you can easily correlate what distance you would get at different powers, frequencies and LoRa settings etc.

Working out what settings will work for you in your application is easy enough. Find two hilltops say 10km or more apart, with nothing in the gap. Use the LoRa settings you think you want to use, depending on the amount of data you want to send and how often (Semtech provide air time calculators) and then test how much power you need for comms to work between the hilltops. Now you have a benchmark, simple.

There is link test software you can use for these tests in this library;

Forget the data sheet for that module it simply not relavent.

8km in what conditions and circumstances ?

Imagine you have communications working at ground level in an urban area of say 1km. The very same equipment would likely work at circa 1,500km with good line of sight between transmitter and reciever, I discovered this in a real world practical experiment.

Thus saying a module has a range of 8km with 2.4kbps is meaningless unless you know the conditions of the test.

Ohh, thank you a lot sir. It really helped to clear my mind. This datasheet was shared in the store where its sold.

Now, I think I will get the module after seeing different persons benchmark tests that works properly.

I will be using your library. May I ask are you related to Stuart ?

Manufacturer of that SX1278 is a firm called EBYTE. Do you have any opinion who they are, is it a reliable source ?

EByte are OK, but from one of your comments saying the speed of the module is 2.4kbs I can tell you are using one of their UART fronted modules. These are OK for easy to use purposes, but unsuited to your application since you wont be able to directly adjust, the spreading factor, bandwidth and coding rate of the LoRa module, and some other stuff.

A lot of people use LoRa modules for balloons, especially here in the UK, and they use the native LoRa modules, none of the UART stuff.

There are several libraries out there for LoRa including one you can add from the Arduino IDE.

My own LoRa library supports SX126X, SX127X and SX128X LoRa modules in the same sketch style. Unlike other libraries there are heaps of practical working applications including examples specifically for testing and evaluating links, and incidently a GPS Balloon tracker and receiver. Will shortly be adding a write up and code on how to use the el-cheapo ESP32CAM as a GPS balloon tracker that can take pictures, save them to SD and optionally transmit the picture back to ground via LoRa.

StuartsProjects is my site.

Sx 1278 E32 433T30D

This is the product's name.In their datasheet

E32-433T30D is a wireless serial port module (UART) based on SEMTECH's SX1278 RF chip .......
default air data rate (2.4kps) and it supports between 0.3kbps to 19.2 kbps.

what do you thinks about this. Is it going to be suitable or should I find a module which is not UART based

As already mentioned in the first paragraph of post #35, use a non-UART module.

You dont have full control of the power output of that module, so it would be illegal to use in a lot of places.

Hey, what about software interface of a module with SPI. Can I easily(doesn't have to be easy) control it's parameters.
I'm thinking of buying E22 400M30S from EBYTE, which uses SX1268 from Semtech.

Its an SPI device, so its straight forward to set LoRa parameters, with appropriate SPI commands.

However that module needs RX and TX enable switching and its not clear from the data sheet how to implement it, eByte would need to confirm. Very restricted choice of Arduino libraries for that device.

Since that module also has an RF amplifier to increase power output to 1W\30dBm, and it may not reduce much from that level so it would be illegal to use in a lot of places in unlicensed bands.

Whats wrong with something like an RFM98 ? Several Arduino libraries, legal to use most everywhere if you choose the appropriate frequency.

I don't know why I never thought about it. Now I checked it out and it seems reasonable to pick for my case.

Am I able to play with its properties?

I saw RFM98PW and RFM98W. The PW version has 27 dBm output I guess and it charmes me more. Can you guide me a little about their differiencies?

And I'd appreciate it if you have any resources about the module online. I will be checking your website for sure :slight_smile:

Sir you helped me a lot on my journey. Thank you a lot.