Making Headphone Amps (Nothing To Do With Arduino)

I don't know why headphones that plug into a quarter inch jack would be any less sensitive/efficient than those plugged into a 3.5mm jack.

However, even a half watt is likely to result in permanent ear damage if played through even a quite insensitive headset.

Please, if you don't know what you're doing, just don't - loss/impairment of any sense just isn't worth the intellectual curiosity.