jremington:
You will have to remove both pullup resistors on at least 13 of the 14 sensors if you insist on this arrangement.
As said, you can leave two sets, as this works out to 1k1. The minimum value for standard (3mA) 3.3volt I2C.
Is the translating muxer out of the picture?
That could solve both pull up and 5volt Arduino problems.
Leo..