MXP4200 and Arduino not working

Sorry if I don´t understand what happen.
How many need you? 1 or 2 channels??

You are using one for loop channels less that 1 that you only will address one channel;

  // go through the six channels of the digital pot:
  for (int channel = 0; channel < 1; channel++) {  // Here channel will execute only 1 time

Change your code to:

  // go through the six channels of the digital pot:
  for (int channel = 0; channel < 2; channel++) {  // Now for will execute 2 times