Need help on my start with arduino

Hi gays,
I am new on forum like you see and i wana start learning programing microcontrolers. I watch some arduino starter kits on e bay to max 30 $ and a have quastions about that. I saw that they have the three boards with accessories for that money but I was wondering what the difference between them? (Pictures of them is on atachment)
Of course, for me as a beginner in this any proposal for good start is welcome.So please i am lisning.. :slight_smile:

The first is an Arduino Mega and the last two are UNOs. Look at the descriptions on this site for more information on the differences between them. The Mega is a more powerful board with more features, more memory, and a lot more pins.

One thing to consider is that the Mega is a more expensive board so it hurts more if you accidentally ruin it. Those clone Unos are so cheap you can afford to buy a spare just in case. On the other hand, the extra memory and pins of the Mega can be useful. As a beginner it's nice to not have to worry about every byte your code uses, as you do with the Uno once you start getting into a more involved project.

The second and third pictures are both Uno clones that use the ATmega328P but you'll notice they look different. This is because the second one uses the surface mount ATmega328P and the third uses a DIP package of that chip in a socket. The benefit of the socketed chip is that if you damaged the ATmega328P you can replace it relatively easily by unplugging the damaged chip from the socket and plugging in a replacement. Unfortunately it is not quite so easy to replace other components on the board so this won't always mean an easy repair. The price of a while replacement clone Uno is not much more than the price of the replacement ATmega328P so it's not really a huge advantage.

The two Uno clones also use different USB-serial chips. The second has the CH340. This chip does cause some confusion for some beginners because the driver for it is not included with the Arduino IDE, but you only need to download it from the manufacturer's website. The other problem people encounter is that the manufacturer's driver is not compatible with macOS Sierra. There is a modified version available that works fine. The third uses the ATmega16U2, which is also used on the official Uno. The driver for this chip is included with the Arduino IDE. This chip can actually be reprogrammed but this is rarely done and seems to be a fairly advanced project. The downside to this reprogrammability seems to be that it can sometimes lose the firmware and stop working, a problem that the CH340 doesn't have.

Well don't get confused by the above details. You'll be happy no matter which of the three you buy.

Start with an Uno. Most projects are written for it and you will prob end up with several instead of needing a single bigger board.