I wanted to know if it is possible to send data from arduino to c# application using the nrf24l01 wireless transceiver module.
It is certainly possible if you use a second Arduino between the receiving nRF24L01 and the PC running the C# program.
A different option would be a $5 ESP8826 WiFi module. You could then have the Arduino join your local WiFi network and have the C# program talk to it directly over TCP/IP. That would eliminate the second transceiver and the second Arduino. If there is no WiFi network (like out in a field) you could have the ESP8826 create one.
Could You suggest me some links for learning all about the ESP8266 and how to use it with Arduino Uno.