The "Ideal Eagle Components" would be those that are most common, least expensive etc.
On My Breadboard NowIdeal Eagle Component
Arduino Micro on breadboard ATMEGA328 tqfp
16x2 LCD Hitachi type
MOSFET to handle 12v
7805 for 12v to 5v
Potentiometer for Contrast (Thumbwheel preferably)
10k resistors
3 Capacitors:
2 for decoupling 12v to 5v ( 1uf and 10uf currently, any recommendations?)
And 1 across LCD power ( 1uf currently, any recommendations? )
Slide Switch SPDT (fairly substantial, not too rinky dink)
DC Power Jack for 12v, 4A
Button
1N4001 Rectifier Diode
ICSP Headers (not on breadboard now but needed for Eagle)
MOSFET to handle 12v
Current requirements? If not too great a simple SOT-23 one would do
7805 for 12v to 5v
LM1117-5.0 or equivalent in an SOT-223 package?
Potentiometer for Contrast (Thumb-wheel preferably)
Trim-pot?
10k resistors
I use 0603, but if larger quantities are needed then 4x 0402 arrays are good.
-7. 3 Capacitors:
2 for decoupling 12v to 5v ( 1uf and 10uf currently, any recommendations?)
1206 ceramics or tantalum B
And 1 across LCD power ( 1uf currently, any recommendations? )
You can do those with 0603. Also lost of 100nF 0603's for decoupling of other components, like the Atmel chip.
Slide Switch SPDT (fairly substantial, not too rinky dink)
Shop around, find something that suits your needs.
DC Power Jack for 12v, 4A
4A is a lot of current - you expecting to drop all that down to 5V?
Button
Purpose of button?
1N4001 Rectifier Diode
Current rating and purpose?
ICSP Headers (not on breadboard now but needed for Eagle)
3x2 0.1" header pins - pretty standard.
For the MOSFET (I'm assuming N-channel?) and that current level I'd up it to an SOT-223 or a D²PAC, and derate the current by at least 2x - that way you won't have to worry too much about heat. Quick look on Farnell UK shows this as a reasonable candidate: http://uk.farnell.com/nxp/buk9840-55/mosfet-n-ch-55v-sot223/dp/1769682 10.7A, threshold of 1.5V, Rdson of 0.04? at 5V.
For the power input I'd probably use 5mm-pitch terminal blocks.
For buttons, any tactile button would do - I often use the normal 6mm square jobbies, or I have some tiny little ones for other projects.
For the button, if you want small, this is the one I use when I want to save space. I usually have 2 per board, one for reset, and one to enter the bootloader: http://uk.farnell.com/jsp/search/productdetail.jsp?SKU=1908243 Place them next to each other and you can enter the bootloader with one finger.