Need help with code -serial

What is this mess?

  if (akt_obvod == 0) {         
       akt_obvod = 1;           
     } else {
         if (akt_obvod == 1) {      
               akt_obvod = 2;         
     } else {
         if (akt_obvod == 2) {      
               akt_obvod = 3;      
     } else {
         if (akt_obvod == 3) {     
               akt_obvod = 4;    
     } else {
         if (akt_obvod == 4) {      
               akt_obvod = 5;           
            }          
       else {
         if (akt_obvod == 5) {     
               akt_obvod = 6;            
      } else {
         if (akt_obvod == 6) {       
               akt_obvod = 0;       
            }  
	     }
          }	
        }
       }
    }
   }
  }

Regardless of the value of akt_obvod, add one to it, unless it is 6, in which case make it 0.

akt_obvod++;
if(akt_obvod >= 6)
  akt_obvod = 0;

does the same thing in a bit fewer lines of code.

if (buttonStateTlacitkoA == HIGH) {      
    digitalWrite(VstupA, HIGH); 
  } 
 if (buttonStateTlacitkoA == LOW){
    digitalWrite(VstupA, LOW);  
  }

If the first test is not true, the second one MUST be true. So, an else statement is more appropriate AND clearer.

First switch:obvodNOT->->->obvodRS.Next two send HIGHT / LOW on pin 2 and 3.

I have no clue what all those arrows mean.

NOT,AND,OR,XOR,XNOR,RS == pin ***HIGH

I don't understand this, either.

it is possible to combine these codes into one?

Yes, it is.

Can you explain how?

A text editor and nimble fingers.

I need controls

I do to.