for the Nano try this code
// Nano classic <> HC-05 Software Serial test
// using library instal AltSoftwareSerial
// https://github.com/PaulStoffregen/AltSoftSerial
#include <AltSoftSerial.h>
// for loopback test connect pin D9 to pin D8
// for HC-05 shield connect
// Nano pin D9 TXD to HC-05 Rx (note HC-05 uses 3.3V logic!!)
// Nano pin D8 RXD to HC-05 Tx
// connect GND pins together and VCC to 5V
// NOTE: Tx and Rx pins are 3.3V logic level
// if connected to a 5V logic host (UNO, Mega, nANO, etc)
// use a level converter on host Tx to HC-05 Rx pin
// Connecting to Android phone
// on Powerup HC-05 LED should flash
// using Settings PAIR phone with HC-05
// when paired run Terminal app
// e.g. https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.kai_morich.serial_bluetooth_terminal&hl=en-US
// set devices to Bluetooth Classic and select HC-05
// enter and receive text
// Set up a new SoftwareSerial object
AltSoftSerial HC_05_serial;//(rxPin, txPin);
void setup() {
// Open serial communications and wait for port to open:
Serial.begin(115200);
while (!Serial) {
; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
}
Serial.println();
Serial.println("\n\nNano <> HC-05 SoftwareSerial test");
// set the data rate for the SoftwareSerial port
HC_05_serial.begin(9600);
// HC_05_serial.println("Hello, world?");
}
void loop() { // run over and over
if (HC_05_serial.available()) {
Serial.write(HC_05_serial.read());
}
if (Serial.available()) {
char ch=Serial.read();
//Serial.write(ch); // local echo if required
HC_05_serial.write(ch);
}
}
pair HC-05 with an Android phone
run a Bluetooth Terminal app, e.g. Serial Bluetooth Terminal
select HC-05 and transmit/receiver text
e.e. serial monitor output
Nano <> HC-05 SoftwareSerial test
hello from android
test2 1234456789
test3 agfyghjjgffh
Android phone display
photo of Nano/HC-05
the photo shows the potential divider (resistor 1K/2.2K ohm)
EDIT: potential divider input and output
one reason why I use ESP32 with onboard Bluetooth Classic is to get rid of the potential divider and interconnections


