When you run I2CexpDiag, it is highly recommend that you only connect the LCD device to the i2c bus. You have other devices connected.
It looks like you have an RTC module that also has an EEPROM on it connected to the i2c bus.
Disconnect that device.
When i2c slaves are not discovered it is usually a wiring issue.
Please post some actual photos of your board and connections so we can see what you have and how you have connected your wires.
--- bill