NRF24L01 transmitter delay (out of sync after a while) - traffic light use case

You could put all the information into a single packet that is received by all controlled nodes,
there would be no problem with synchronization.

Look up Optimized high speed nRF24L01+ driver class documentation: RF24 Class Reference
and Optimized high speed nRF24L01+ driver class documentation: RF24 Class Reference.

The int arrays that you are transmitting are used as boolean, that's very inefficient.